GAKI 全球农业知识平台

V05-C05-S06 氮肥与灌溉/水分管理的协调

概述

在甘蔗生产中,灌溉调度与氮肥施用需要协同管理以减少养分损失并提高用水与肥料效率。已有田间观测显示,固定、过量的灌溉在甘蔗定植期可导致根区以外的氮素淋洗与盐分累积,从而带来经济与环境风险。[S1]

为什么需要协同(证据要点)

可行的管理策略(基于现有线索与待验证建议)

需要的证据类型(用于验证与推广)

1) 定量淋洗与土壤剖面氮动态试验:在不同灌溉制度(降雨依赖/间歇灌溉/喷灌/滴灌)和不同灌溉调度下,测定硝态氮随时间在0–30、30–60、>60 cm土层的累积与脉动,并记录作物吸收量与产量反应。[S1][S2]

2) 施氮时机与施量对比试验:比较基于土壤水势/作物需水触发(自适应)与固定日程施灌下,单次与分次施氮(含滴灌施肥)对田间有效氮、产量和氮利用效率(NUE)的差异。[S1][S2][S10]

3) 灌溉‑施肥耦合的成本效益与环境评估:对节水增效(增加产量或减少肥料用量)、减少氮损失(淋洗、挥发)、以及由盐分累积引起的产量风险进行经济与生命周期层面的评价。[S1][S2]

4) 不同土壤类型与气候条件下的情景试验:因土壤黏性、渗透性与降雨模式差异可能显著影响淋洗与深层迁移,需跨区对比研究以形成区域化管理建议。[S1]

结论(基于现有资料的谨慎归纳)

现有田间监测表明,不匹配的灌溉调度可引起大量氮淋洗与根区盐分升高,提示在甘蔗生产中应优先考虑将氮肥管理与灌溉/水分管理协同设计以降低损失并提高可持续性;然而,要将此类协同管理系统化并推广,仍需针对不同灌溉制度与土壤—气候条件的系统对比试验和经济环境评估支撑。[S1][S2][S10]

来源资料

  1. 来源网站:doi.org;原始文件名:土壤水肥论文索引(待翻译):Performance of Irrigation Scheduling on Nutrient Leaching in Sugarcane Under Sprinkler Irrigation System;原始链接:https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.70124
  2. 来源网站:doi.org;原始文件名:土壤水肥论文索引(待翻译):Water use efficiency for sugarcane under drip irrigation;原始链接:https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315207384-9
  3. 来源网站:doi.org;原始文件名:甘蔗基础与植株论文索引(待翻译):Improved sugarcane productivity with tillage and trash management practices in semi arid tropical agro ecosystem in India;原始链接:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2015.10.009
  4. 来源网站:doi.org;原始文件名:甘蔗基础与植株论文索引(待翻译):Functioning and quality of soils cultivated with sugarcane under different tillage and soil management systems;原始链接:https://doi.org/10.11606/t.11.2024.tde-09052024-112317
  5. 来源网站:doi.org;原始文件名:土壤水肥论文索引(待翻译):Sugarcane Crop Water Requirement and Irrigation Scheduling Based on Planting Dates at Kenana Sugarcane Plantation;原始链接:https://doi.org/10.15242/dirpub.dir1017218
  6. 来源网站:doi.org;原始文件名:甘蔗基础与植株论文索引(待翻译):Interactions of Weed, Nematode, and Arthropod Management Strategies With the Louisiana Sugarcane Agroecosystem: A Holistic Perspective.;原始链接:https://doi.org/10.31390/gradschool_disstheses.4476
  7. 来源网站:doi.org;原始文件名:甘蔗基础与植株论文索引(待翻译):Interactions of Weed, Nematode, and Arthropod Management Strategies With the Louisiana Sugarcane Agroecosystem: A Holistic Perspective.;原始链接:https://doi.org/10.31390/gradschool_disstheses.4476
  8. 来源网站:doi.org;原始文件名:甘蔗基础与植株论文索引(待翻译):Functioning and quality of soils cultivated with sugarcane under different tillage and soil management systems;原始链接:https://doi.org/10.11606/t.11.2024.tde-09052024-112317
  9. 来源网站:doi.org;原始文件名:甘蔗基础与植株论文索引(待翻译):Improved sugarcane productivity with tillage and trash management practices in semi arid tropical agro ecosystem in India;原始链接:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2015.10.009
  10. 来源网站:doi.org;原始文件名:土壤水肥论文索引(待翻译):Water use efficiency for sugarcane under drip irrigation;原始链接:https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315207384-9
  11. 来源网站:doi.org;原始文件名:土壤水肥论文索引(待翻译):Water use efficiency for sugarcane under drip irrigation;原始链接:https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315207384-9
  12. 来源网站:doi.org;原始文件名:甘蔗基础与植株论文索引(待翻译):Functioning and quality of soils cultivated with sugarcane under different tillage and soil management systems;原始链接:https://doi.org/10.11606/t.11.2024.tde-09052024-112317
  13. 来源网站:doi.org;原始文件名:甘蔗基础与植株论文索引(待翻译):Improved sugarcane productivity with tillage and trash management practices in semi arid tropical agro ecosystem in India;原始链接:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2015.10.009
  14. 来源网站:doi.org;原始文件名:土壤水肥论文索引(待翻译):Sugarcane Crop Water Requirement and Irrigation Scheduling Based on Planting Dates at Kenana Sugarcane Plantation;原始链接:https://doi.org/10.15242/dirpub.dir1017218

来源与版权状态仍须人工审核;未核实资料不得公开。