[ { "id": "CASE-US-001", "country": "美国", "name": "U.S. Sugar × ASI × John Deere 8R/9R 无人车队", "class": "COMMERCIAL_AUTONOMY", "grade": "A", "year": "2026", "facts": [ "4台 John Deere 8R + 1台 John Deere 9R", "ASI Mobius 中央车队管理", "单一操作员可同时监管多车", "可24/7连续运行", "先用于重型整地和中耕等作业", "建立在U.S. Sugar既有GPS塔、精细地块地图和数据网络之上", "18个月试验后进入商业部署", "计划未来十年扩大到更多255,000英亩土地", "商业部署地点：美国佛罗里达州南部U.S. Sugar甘蔗田，覆盖公司255,000英亩农业资产中的作业区", "系统由ASI Mobius车队编排平台管理，4台John Deere 8R与1台9R通过原车drive-by-wire接口改装", "18个月研发/试验后进入商业部署；单一操作员可从中央控制站同时监管多车", "已报告24/7运行、稳定耕作深度/速度/油耗、实时采集每次田间作业数据", "代表人物：U.S. Sugar总裁兼CEO Ken McDuffie；ASI CEO Mel Torrie" ], "not": "这不是无人甘蔗联合收割机，而是甘蔗农场商业无人拖拉机车队。", "source": "https://asirobots.com/u-s-sugar-autonomous-solutions-inc-and-everglades-equipment-group-announce-nations-largest-commercial-deployment-of-autonomous-tractors-in-american-sugar-industry/", "image": "https://s.yimg.com/lo/mysterio/api/0ae4731a48983e2f52be9a81e4a7443cf86ff4ba43e0f5b030e0baab7ed386c2/lightyear_networkapi/resizefill_w900_h506%3Bquality_80%3Bformat_webp/https%3A/media.zenfs.com/en/the-news-press/d13d07adb27466331f8a74969908b572", "tech": [ "drive-by-wire", "central orchestration", "fleet supervision", "precision mapping", "24/7 autonomy" ], "autonomy_level": "U4" }, { "id": "CASE-CN-001", "country": "中国", "name": "中联重科 C600 + Z-Pilot", "class": "OEM_AUTONOMY_CLAIMED", "grade": "B/C", "year": "2026", "facts": [ "210 hp / 154 kW 康明斯发动机", "整机重量 9.56 t", "最大行驶速度 18 km/h", "最大收获能力 ≥25 t/h", "适应行距 ≥1.2 m", "280 L燃油箱、180 L液压油箱", "全电液控制、多功能手柄", "标配远程遥测和收获视频监控", "官方公开资料称Z-Pilot集成无人作业和智能调度", "官方产品参数：整机尺寸10350×2320×5408 mm，重量9.56 t，最大行驶速度18 km/h，爬坡度20%", "发动机Cummins 5.9 L六缸，154 kW/210 hp@2100 rpm；油箱280 L，液压油箱180 L", "适用行距≥1.2 m，最大收获能力≥25 t/h；扶蔗器尖端间距1100 mm", "切梢高度890–3000 mm，可选+500 mm增高；升运器卸料高度4000 mm，摆角±85°", "标配远程遥测、收获视频监控和后视摄像头", "2026 AGRITECHNICA Asia官方发布称Z-Pilot集成无人作业与智能调度", "2026年5月20日在泰国曼谷AGRITECHNICA Asia公开发布C600", "官方称C600适配泰国甘蔗种植密度和地形，展示收割、输送、脱叶、清选一体化作业", "当前公开证据可确认展会发布和无人作业声明，但尚未找到连续多日无人田间生产验证数据" ], "not": "仍需核实自动换行、自动根切/切梢闭环、避障、远程接管以及连续无人田间作业证据。", "source": "https://en-product.zoomlion.com/product/pro-detail-1335.htm", "image": "https://img2.nongji360.com/n/zyd/product/2018/07/19100820260030_600x450.jpg", "tech": [ "electro-hydraulic control", "telematics", "video monitoring", "smart scheduling", "unmanned-operation claim" ], "autonomy_level": "U3?" }, { "id": "CASE-CN-002", "country": "中国", "name": "CN121587160A 无人甘蔗砍收装置", "class": "PATENT_CONCEPT", "grade": "D", "year": "2026", "facts": [ "申请人为云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所", "悬臂配置视觉感知单元识别甘蔗", "安装架可竖向翻转", "两组环形软带形成锥形聚拢区与夹持区", "切割机构位于扶蔗夹持机构下方切根", "配套包裹/绑扎与聚拢机构", "目标是无人操控机自动识别、定位并作业", "另一条中国无人整机专利CN217217457U由广西蓝星智能农机装备有限公司申请", "CN217217457U发明人：赵刚、刘克勤、涂骁文、魏军", "该专利采用卫星导航、履带行间行走、油电混合动力、电控执行元件、地形自寻迹、自平衡、遥控与视频回传", "作业链包含扶蔗、根切、推倒、引导、除叶、除梢，强调在相邻两行之间行走" ], "not": "专利公开不能等同于完成样机或田间商业验证。", "source": "https://patents.google.com/patent/CN121587160A/en", "image": "https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/", "tech": [ "RGB-D/vision", "gathering belts", "clamping", "root cutting", "wrapping", "unmanned carrier" ], "autonomy_level": "P-CONCEPT" }, { "id": "CASE-BR-001", "country": "巴西", "name": "Mercedes-Benz / Grunner 甘蔗自主运输车辆", "class": "AUTONOMOUS_TRANSPORT", "grade": "B/C", "year": "2018+", "facts": [ "甘蔗田内自动驾驶运输", "GPS与地理参考路线", "用于与收割机协同接料", "核心价值是减少压蔗行和稳定运输路径", "代表无人运输可能早于无人联合收割成熟", "Mercedes-Benz/Grunner路线早期采用Axor 3131，2018年一次性配置18辆用于甘蔗收获运输", "2022年Daimler Truck披露：已向Grunner交付约640辆改装基础车，其中约580辆已在客户手中", "车辆自动控制速度、车距、纵向与横向引导；配附加前桥、加宽轮距、高浮力农业轮胎和卫星天线", "2024年Mercedes-Benz do Brasil称其巴西自动化技术车辆在各行业合计已超过1100辆", "Grunner由Henrique与Mateus Belei兄弟于2018年创立，最初目标就是减少甘蔗行碾压和土壤压实" ], "not": "应单独列为无人收获物流，不应写成无人甘蔗收割机。", "source": "https://www.planetcarsz.com/noticias-de-carros/mercedes-benz-e-grunner-lancam-caminhao-com-direcao-autonoma-que-opera-24-horas-nas-usinas-do-brasil", "image": "https://www.planetcarsz.com/assets/uploads/2018/09/36749992a9b88aad04377cbc057053b3.jpg", "tech": [ "GPS", "georeferenced route", "harvester-side positioning", "autonomous haulage" ], "autonomy_level": "U3/U4" }, { "id": "CASE-BR-002", "country": "巴西", "name": "Tereos / Atvos 自主拖拉机田间试验", "class": "FIELD_AUTONOMY", "grade": "B", "year": "2026", "facts": [ "John Deere 8270R平台", "在甘蔗地进行耙地/深松等作业验证", "由ASI类无人化技术集成", "真实甘蔗生产环境测试", "体现巴西从高精度自动驾驶向无人农业车辆推进", "2025年5月至12月，Tereos与Atvos在巴西真实甘蔗生产环境完成全无人驾驶拖拉机试验，驾驶室内无人", "试验地点1：Tereos Cruz Alta糖厂，Olímpia，São Paulo州", "试验地点2：Atvos Santa Luzia糖厂，Nova Alvorada do Sul，Mato Grosso do Sul州", "作业类型：耙地（grade）与深松（subsoiling）", "技术路线：在现有车队拖拉机上加装ASI Mobius平台，不必更换整机", "试验结果：设备生产率潜力提升约20%，柴油消耗最多降低10%", "运营方式：1名操作员可同时监控3台机器", "集成与验证机构：ASI、Balanced Engineering、Agricef、Tereos、Atvos", "公开参与负责人包括Efraim Albrecht（Agricef运营总监）、Everton Carpanezi（Tereos农业工业运营总监）、Alexandre Maganhato（Atvos技术创新与工程副总裁）、Alex Foessel（Balanced Engineering）" ], "not": "属于自主拖拉机试验，不是无人收割机。", "source": "https://br.tereos.com/pt-pt/press-releases/em-parceria-estrategica-tereos-e-atvos-lideram-inovacao-com-testes-pioneiros-de-tratores-autonomos-na-cultura-de-cana-de-acucar-no-brasil/", "image": "https://www.tereos.com/app/uploads/sites/7/2026/04/20250514-140506-ed-1920x751-c-default.png", "tech": [ "autonomous tractor", "field mapping", "tillage", "sugarcane field validation" ], "autonomy_level": "U3/U4" }, { "id": "CASE-BR-003", "country": "巴西", "name": "无人运输车视觉定位研究", "class": "RESEARCH_PROTOTYPE", "grade": "B", "year": "2020", "facts": [ "面向甘蔗收获时运输车辆与收割机协同", "使用计算机视觉与神经网络", "目标是让车辆沿种植时预定路线保持正确位置", "减少车辆碾压宿根", "2020年硕士论文《Posicionamento de caminhões autônomos para colheita de cana-de-açúcar: uma abordagem baseada em visão computacional》", "作者：E. A. Fernandes；导师：Reinaldo Augusto da Costa Bianchi", "答辩机构：Centro Universitário FEI，São Bernardo do Campo，巴西", "论文共85页，研究目标是在收获过程中让自主运输车辆沿种植时预设线路保持正确位置，避免碾压宿根", "核心技术为计算机视觉、神经网络和图像处理" ], "not": "研究对象是自动运输定位，不是收割机自主控制本体。", "source": "https://repositorio.ausjal.org/handle/20.500.12032/88858", "image": "", "tech": [ "computer vision", "neural network", "vehicle positioning", "harvest logistics" ], "autonomy_level": "U2/U3" }, { "id": "CASE-TH-001", "country": "泰国", "name": "15 hp 低成本无人/遥控甘蔗田平台", "class": "RESEARCH_PROTOTYPE", "grade": "B", "year": "2025", "facts": [ "15 hp 小型拖拉机改装", "遥控驾驶与转向", "多摄像头实时图像处理", "后置可折叠变量喷雾臂", "面向甘蔗田劳动力短缺与低成本智能作业", "2025年AgriEngineering论文作者：Pongpith Tuenpusa、Kiattisak Sangpradit、Mano Suwannakam、Jaturong Langkapin、Alongklod Tanomtong、Grianggai Samseemoung", "试验地点：泰国Phetchabun Province，约16.4718°N、101.2528°E", "15 hp拖拉机改装为无人/遥控平台，驾驶与转向均可远程控制", "喷头高度试验为0.25、0.50、0.75 m；1 bar下系统平均效率85.30%", "喷施流量36 L/h，作业能力0.975 ha/h，能耗0.161 kWh，燃油消耗6.807 L/h", "后置可折叠变量喷雾臂，使用webcam获取蔗冠图像并进行实时图像处理" ], "not": "是无人/遥控田间作业平台，不是完整甘蔗收割机。", "source": "https://www.mdpi.com/3436252", "image": "https://images.workpointtoday.com/workpointnews/2018/06/11205742/1528725460_42665_258.webp", "tech": [ "remote control", "multi-camera", "variable-rate spraying", "low-cost platform" ], "autonomy_level": "U2/U3" }, { "id": "CASE-US-002", "country": "美国", "name": "John Deere 甘蔗收割高级自动化", "class": "AUTOMATION_ONLY", "grade": "A", "year": "2026", "facts": [ "Auto Field Cruise", "SmartClean", "精准切割工具", "数字作业计划", "位置型信标帮助运输拖拉机找到作业收割机", "U.S. Sugar官方2026资料确认Auto Field Cruise会根据负载自动调节发动机转速", "SmartClean持续监测甘蔗损失与杂质水平，并实时调节风扇转速", "属于收割机闭环自动化功能，但驾驶与整机任务规划仍不等同于完全无人", "具体应用地点：U.S. Sugar在美国South Florida的甘蔗田", "2025年报确认收割机还包括basecutter height control、floating crop dividers、JDLink、Work Plans等数字化功能", "Work Plans可向机器发送地块边界、导航线和任务，并在进入地块时自动识别作业计划", "JDLink将机器数据、健康状态和作业数据上传至John Deere Operations Center", "研发/应用机构链：John Deere、U.S. Sugar、Everglades Equipment Group", "U.S. Sugar总裁兼CEO Ken McDuffie和Everglades Equipment Group CEO Mike Schlecter公开说明该技术合作", "John Deere官方实机图片可直接核验甘蔗收割机外观与田间作业状态", "这些功能已在U.S. Sugar位于South Florida的甘蔗田应用" ], "not": "这些属于高级自动化，不应直接称为完全无人甘蔗收割机。", "source": "https://www.ussugar.com/4-ways-were-advancing-the-sugarcane-harvest-with-john-deere-innovation/", "image": "", "tech": [ "auto cruise", "cleaning automation", "digital work plans", "beacon coordination" ], "autonomy_level": "U1/U2" }, { "id": "CASE-BR-004", "country": "巴西", "name": "Volvo VM 甘蔗田自主运输车", "class": "AUTONOMOUS_TRANSPORT", "grade": "A", "year": "2017–2018", "facts": [ "2017年在Usina Santa Terezinha甘蔗田进行真实商业场景测试", "2018年Volvo向Grupo Usaçucar商业交付7辆VM自主卡车", "车辆在受限甘蔗田区域按预设路线自动驾驶", "官方公布横向路径精度约2.5 cm", "目标是避免碾压宿根、减少土壤压实和提高收获物流效率", "系统使用高精度定位并与收割机并行作业", "研发团队：Volvo Group Advanced Engineering Brazil，得到瑞典总部支持", "试验地点：Usina Santa Terezinha，Grupo Usaçucar，Maringá/Paraná地区", "2017年起在真实甘蔗收获场景测试，约一年后于2018年商业交付7辆", "系统采用高精度GNSS/RTK、两只高灵敏度陀螺和车内人机界面显示器", "自动驾驶模式下沿预设蔗行线路运行，横向精度约2.5 cm", "Volvo官方说明自动系统主要负责田间受限区域，驾驶员仍负责进入蔗行和卸料阶段" ], "not": "该系统是甘蔗收获物流自主运输，不是无人甘蔗收割机本体。", "source": "https://www.volvogroup.com/br/news-and-media/news/2018/set/Volvo-faz-a-1-entrega-comercial-de-caminhoes-autonomos-no-mundo.html", "image": "https://media.gazetadopovo.com.br/2018/09/657c11eb3672f015086ae06341de2f84-gpLarge.JPG", "tech": [ "RTK/GPS", "2.5 cm path accuracy", "harvester-side transport", "commercial delivery", "ratoon protection" ], "autonomy_level": "U3/U4" }, { "id": "CASE-AU-001", "country": "澳大利亚", "name": "收割机—转运车 RTK-GPS 自动协同研究", "class": "RESEARCH_AUTONOMY", "grade": "B", "year": "研究项目", "facts": [ "澳大利亚甘蔗收割已广泛使用基于RTK-GPS的自动转向", "收割机与haul-out可分别沿预定A-B线自动驾驶", "研究重点进一步转向两车之间的位置同步与协同", "目标是提高蔗段回收率、减少运输损失和降低燃油成本", "研究明确指出单机auto-steer与真正协同自动化之间存在差距", "澳大利亚SRA研究明确指出：许多收割机与haulout转运车可加装RTK-GPS自动转向，haulout主要跟随预设AB线", "行业报告认为现有机器的液压阀和线束通常已具备或易于改装自动转向条件", "RTK网络被视为进一步实现收割机升运器—转运车协同自动化的基础", "澳大利亚还曾评估TechAgro系统：除产量监测外，包括自动前进速度、自动根切高度以及改善haulout相对收割机位置同步的引导系统", "研究机构：Sugar Research Australia；2016/954项目首席研究员Eloise Keeffe" ], "not": "这属于收割协同自动化研究，不能直接称为完全无人收割车队。", "source": "https://elibrary.sugarresearch.com.au/bitstreams/fe0f8784-b03c-4213-8653-07c0c18fbcc7/download", "image": "", "tech": [ "RTK-GPS", "harvester-haulout coordination", "A-B line", "relative positioning", "billet recovery" ], "autonomy_level": "U3" }, { "id": "CASE-AU-002", "country": "澳大利亚", "name": "Harvest Mate Auto 收割参数实时决策系统", "class": "AUTOMATION_ONLY", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2024–2027", "facts": [ "由Sugar Research Australia推动", "把收割机实时监测数据接入Harvest Mate决策支持系统", "目标是实时给出经济最优的收割设置建议", "相关研究显示从普通操作设置转为优化设置可平均增加约5.2%甘蔗产量和5%糖产量", "项目目标是提高行业采用率并支持绿蔗、烧蔗和双行收获", "SRA项目号2024/016，项目联系人Dr Muyiwa Olayemi，首席研究员Dylan Wedel，结束日期2027-05-01", "目标是把收割机监测系统实时数据自动送入Harvest Mate并即时预测经济最优作业参数", "既有SRA/DAF试验表明，从普通操作设置切换到优化设置平均可增加5.2%甘蔗产量和5%糖产量" ], "not": "这是收割决策自动化，不是无人驾驶；但它是未来自主收割机的关键决策层技术。", "source": "https://sugarresearch.com.au/research/harvest-mate-auto-improving-economic-outcomes/", "image": "", "tech": [ "live harvester data", "decision support", "economic optimisation", "harvester monitor", "automatic settings guidance" ], "autonomy_level": "U1/U2" }, { "id": "CASE-JP-001", "country": "日本", "name": "甘蔗田履带机器人自主行间巡航", "class": "RESEARCH_PROTOTYPE", "grade": "B", "year": "2025", "facts": [ "法政大学团队开发履带机器人甘蔗田自主导航系统", "在实际甘蔗田验证机器人可逐行自主行驶并采集图像", "同时研究甘蔗识别与茎径估计", "自主导航部分取得实际田间成功", "甘蔗识别与茎径估计精度仍未达到要求", "2025论文作者：Shota Kikuchi、Tianhao Shen、Genci Capi（Hosei University）", "田间试验确认履带机器人可自主逐行导航并同时采集图像；识别与茎径估计未达到要求精度" ], "not": "这是甘蔗田自主机器人，不是收割机，但对小型无人甘蔗底盘、行间导航和视觉识别具有直接参考价值。", "source": "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsmermd/2025/0/2025_2P1-D12/_article/-char/en", "image": "", "tech": [ "crawler robot", "row-to-row navigation", "image collection", "sugarcane recognition", "stem diameter estimation" ], "autonomy_level": "U2/U3" }, { "id": "CASE-TH-002", "country": "泰国", "name": "“สบายไทย / Sabai Thai”遥控/无人甘蔗收割样机", "class": "REMOTE_CONTROLLED", "grade": "B/C", "year": "2018", "facts": [ "泰国媒体公开报道本土开发低成本无人/遥控甘蔗收割机", "采用2.4 GHz无线控制", "结合微波雷达等感知/遥控技术", "操作者可在远距离控制机器", "目标是降低对进口大型收割机的依赖和成本", "泰国本土发明人/团队负责人公开报道姓氏/称呼为Bhunyarit（报道中称 former engineer）", "Bhunyarit与Sukhothai约10名技工团队用6个月开发'Sabai Thai'", "开发动机是减少进口收割机复杂线束和液压电控维修难度", "报道给出的成本对比：进口机约1300万泰铢，Sabai Thai约600万泰铢", "无线ECU约5000泰铢，对比进口系统20–30万泰铢；输入单元约800泰铢", "无线化设计是该机核心特色之一", "发明人全名：Bhunyarit Suwanasarn，时年59岁，曾任水下管线工程师", "研发/装配维修中心地址：157/1 Moo 2, Nai Muang Sub-district, Sawankhalok District, Sukhothai, Thailand", "团队规模：约10名Sukhothai技工，历时6个月完成原型", "实机已经完成超过11,000吨甘蔗的昼夜实际收获测试", "报道评价该机不仅成本低于进口机，而且实际收获效率更高、维修更容易", "因此R9将其从“只有遥控宣传”升级为“有大规模实收验证的REMOTE_CONTROLLED/DRIVERLESS-CAB原型”，但仍不等同于自主导航U4" ], "not": "媒体称“ไร้คนขับ/无人驾驶”，但现有证据更稳妥地支持远程控制/无人驾驶室操作；其完整自主导航等级仍需继续核验。", "source": "https://www.workpointtoday.com/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2-%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2-%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%99", "image": "https://images.workpointtoday.com/workpointnews/2018/06/11205742/1528725460_42665_258.webp", "tech": [ "2.4GHz remote control", "microwave radar", "driverless cab operation", "local prototype" ], "autonomy_level": "U2" }, { "id": "CASE-BR-005", "country": "巴西", "name": "Jacto Hover 500 双行自动适应割台", "class": "AUTOMATION_ONLY", "grade": "A", "year": "2026前后产品", "facts": [ "双行同时收获", "2.7 m轨距与常见甘蔗种植交通轨迹匹配", "割台通过铰接臂与主机连接", "割台可相对主机独立、自动适应土壤轮廓", "两级鼓风清选系统", "目标是提高效率并降低压实面积", "Jacto官方确认Hover 500为双行同时收获，目标是在常规单行速度下实现接近双倍小时产量", "轨距2.7 m，对应1.5×1.5 m与1.4×1.4 m蔗行交通轨迹，可比单行机减少约60%压实面积", "收割平台通过铰接臂与主机连接，可相对主机独立并自动适应纵横向土壤轮廓", "官方技术资料列出Volvo 12.8 L Tier 3发动机，最大469 hp@1900 rpm，最高9 km/h，切梢工作宽度3 m", "2026 Agrishow阶段Jacto已经进入商业化和田间示范阶段", "现场报道提到Grupo Aracaki参与最终阶段田间验证", "Jacto协调人Gilberto Nogueira公开介绍Hover 500研发与示范计划", "2026可供作业的机器已售出，随后进入更多田间示范和客户验证", "电子系统可使用Jacto自有自动驾驶，也可按客户技术策略集成其他导航方案" ], "not": "该机体现高级割台自动化和双行收获，但官方产品资料本身并未证明其为完全无人驾驶收割机。", "source": "https://jacto.com/northamerica/products/sugar-cane-harvester/sugar-cane-harvester-hover-500", "image": "https://imagens-cdn.canalrural.com.br/2026/04/unnamed-2-768x462.png", "tech": [ "two-row harvesting", "independent articulated header", "automatic terrain following", "two-stage cleaning", "controlled traffic" ], "autonomy_level": "U1/U2" }, { "id": "CASE-CN-003", "country": "中国", "name": "CN117981569B 激光雷达甘蔗收割机切割深度控制", "class": "AUTOMATION_FOUNDATION", "grade": "D/A", "year": "2024–2026", "facts": [ "华南农业大学申请", "基于激光雷达探测甘蔗垄面与切割深度", "结合液压控制装置自动调节刀盘高度", "2024年公开，2026年授权", "专利族引用了2015自动切深、2017 UWB地形跟随、2019自动仿形、2021智能监控等前序技术", "发明人：刘庆庭、张心盎、武涛、邹小平、潘伟进、王志琛、徐鹏、李志昂、李桃；申请人为华南农业大学", "2024-03-20申请，2024-05-07公开，2026-04-17授权为CN117981569B", "系统由激光雷达、速度传感器、控制器、液压泵、电磁阀、升降油缸和刀盘组成", "示例标定：行驶速度2.8–3.2 km/h时，弱信号点<5%判为未入土，5–15%偏浅，15–40%合适，>40%过深", "控制器依据弱信号比例闭环控制割台升降，以减少高根茬和破头" ], "not": "这是无人收割机关键子系统专利，不等于整机无人化，但说明中国根切自动控制已经形成连续技术谱系。", "source": "https://patents.google.com/patent/CN117981569A/zh", "image": "", "tech": [ "LiDAR", "cutting depth", "hydraulic control", "terrain following", "basecutter automation" ], "autonomy_level": "U1" }, { "id": "CASE-PH-001", "country": "菲律宾", "name": "PHilMech 中型甘蔗收割机原型与整杆收割路线", "class": "MECHANIZATION_FOUNDATION", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2015–2024+", "facts": [ "PHilMech长期开展中型甘蔗收割机设计与试验", "早期目标包括降低成本并实现约5 t cane/h级中型农场机械收获", "2015年已有实验原型驱动机构采购与制造记录", "2024项目清单继续列出甘蔗除叶机与整杆收割机设计开发", "形成适合菲律宾中小规模农场的整杆机械化基础", "2016项目负责人/作者记录：N.T. Asuncion、R.C. Nodora Jr.、R.B. Villacorte", "项目目标包括原型成本降低20%、设计能力5 t cane/h，并完成制造、测试与定型", "2023 ex-ante研究访问Tarlac、Pampanga、Negros Occidental、Bukidnon，共访谈62名甘蔗农户", "农户偏好适合小规模农场的整杆机械收割机" ], "not": "目前公开证据支持机械化原型/整杆收割研发，不支持将其写成自主无人收割机。", "source": "https://www.philmech.gov.ph/?action=showBiddingDocs&bidCatId=2&currYear=2015&mainCateg=9&page=bidding", "image": "https://www.philmech.gov.ph/resources/technologies/Emerging/11.jpg", "tech": [ "whole-stalk harvesting", "medium-scale farm", "prototype development", "de-trashing", "mechanization base" ], "autonomy_level": "U0" }, { "id": "CASE-FJ-001", "country": "斐济", "name": "丘陵甘蔗收割机试验与日本专用机引进", "class": "HILLY_MECHANIZATION_TRIAL", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2025–2026", "facts": [ "斐济政府/研究体系专门针对丘陵甘蔗机械收割开展试验", "2025年引进面向丘陵地形的专用甘蔗收割机进行本地适应性验证", "2026年继续评估陡坡和崎岖地块适用机型", "政策目标是先试验验证，再避免农户投资不适用设备", "斐济丘陵机械化缺口直接对应未来小型履带、调平和无人化研究", "FSC 2024年报记录：2023季机械收割占总蔗量42.4%，共有112台收割机，机械收获663,127 t", "2023年87%的未收割蔗来自起伏/丘陵地形，现有收割机难以作业", "FSC已引入半履带式收割机附件，目标是让现有收割机进入坡地，试验后再扩大应用", "2025年9月斐济政府宣布将引进适合丘陵地形的专用收割机", "2025年12月议会记录：已进口日本丘陵机械收割机，并考察留尼汪挖掘机搭载式收获附件，计划引入斐济试验", "2024年12月Fiji Times报道，丘陵专用小型橡胶履带甘蔗收割机来自日本冲绳Kumiki Company Ltd", "斐济糖业部长Charan Jeath Singh在日本现场考察并宣布2025收获季试验", "机器后部自带约1 t蔗段料箱，满载后用吊机转运至卡车", "报道给出的收获能力约7 t/h", "计划在斐济多个地点进行适应性试验" ], "not": "这是丘陵机械收获试验，不是无人收割；但它是小型丘陵无人收割机非常重要的真实需求场景。", "source": "https://fijivillage.com/news/Specialised-cane-harvester-for-hilly-terrain-to-arrive-soon-4fr58x/", "image": "", "tech": [ "hilly terrain", "local trials", "steep slope", "small-field mechanization", "adaptation research" ], "autonomy_level": "U0/U1" }, { "id": "CASE-MU-001", "country": "毛里求斯", "name": "小型机械甘蔗收割与机械化地块改造体系", "class": "MECHANIZATION_FOUNDATION", "grade": "B", "year": "1995–2021+", "facts": [ "毛里求斯长期研究机械收割所需的地块坡度、行长、除石和平整条件", "1995研究指出机械收获适宜地块坡度等工程条件", "1998起持续推进石块清除和地块整治以支持机械收割", "2021有小型机械甘蔗收割机设计与评价项目", "小农地块和复杂地形使小型机械成为重要技术方向", "2021《Design and evaluation of a small mechanical cane harvester》由Mechanization Company Limited发布", "作者：Denis Wiehe Lagesse、Hareenanden Ramasawmy、Kevin Amic、Jaykumar Chummun", "Kevin Amic关联University of Mauritius；该项目为毛里求斯小型甘蔗收割装备的重要研发节点", "MRIC项目编号：MRIC-CRIGS-A16", "本地企业：Mechanization Company (MECOM)；合作机构：University of Mauritius", "项目负责人：Denis Wiehe Lagesse；合作研究人员Hareenanden Ramasawmy、Kevin Amic、Jaykumar Chummun", "原型基于小型挖掘机：底部安装甘蔗抓持器，第二动臂安装切割装置", "初步试验发现结构强度不足，需要后续改进以提升生产率", "项目目标是减少对大规模地块改造的依赖，并服务约4万公顷仍以人工收割为主的蔗地", "计划配套专用装载系统，并面向毛里求斯SME以及非洲糖业企业推广" ], "not": "目前检索到的是机械化与小型收割机基础，未找到足够证据证明成熟无人收割机。", "source": "https://www.repository.mu/mrc/out/out.FrontAuthorDetails.php?an=S2V2aW4g&asn=QW1pYw%3D%3D&at=RHIu&t=a", "image": "", "tech": [ "small mechanical harvester", "derocking", "field planning", "mechanization", "small farms" ], "autonomy_level": "U0" }, { "id": "CASE-IN-001", "country": "印度", "name": "SHSTRA SAKSHAM E1S 全电整杆甘蔗收割平台", "class": "ELECTRIC_AUTOMATION_FOUNDATION", "grade": "B/C", "year": "2026", "facts": [ "SHSTRA公开建设印度本土AG-EV农业电驱平台", "SAKSHAM E1S定位为全电整杆甘蔗收割平台", "面向印度小而分散地块、劳动力短缺与柴油成本问题", "电驱与HST结合，强调模块化整杆收获", "控制架构支持实时监测，并明确为未来自动化扩展预留", "SHSTRA将SAKSHAM E1S定义为印度首款面向本地条件的全电整杆收割平台", "采用自主AG-EV电驱架构并与HST结合，强调小地块、碎片化农田、全天作业与模块化高通量整杆收获", "控制系统包含收获控制逻辑、实时监测与性能跟踪，并明确架构可扩展到未来自动化", "SHSTRA创始人：Yash Raut、Atharva Patki", "公司定位是从印度甘蔗收获出发，构建可扩展农业电动移动平台", "SAKSHAM E1S为第一代标准级电动整杆收获平台，官方强调适合印度小而碎片化地块", "公开官网提供实机/渲染产品图，但尚未找到可核实的连续自主田间试验结果" ], "not": "全电并不等于无人。现阶段应归为无人化基础平台，等待田间自主导航和无人作业证据。", "source": "https://shstra.in/", "image": "", "tech": [ "full electric", "whole-cane harvester", "AG-EV powertrain", "HST", "future automation" ], "autonomy_level": "U0/U1" }, { "id": "CASE-IN-002", "country": "印度", "name": "Autonomous Sugarcane Farming System 专利", "class": "PATENT_CONCEPT", "grade": "D", "year": "2026", "facts": [ "2026年印度公开名为 Autonomous Sugarcane Farming System 的专利申请", "申请人为Marwadi University", "涉及计算机控制/农业自动化体系", "可作为印度甘蔗无人农场概念路线的专利节点", "发明人：Ayush Gour、Sukhdeep Kaur、Rajkumar Rajbhar、Deep Dave、Dr. Sanket Badiyani", "申请人：Marwadi University，Rajkot, Gujarat, India；申请日2026-02-27", "系统包含全向轮、编码器、GPS、温湿度/气压传感器、土壤检测、多仓营养/农药储存、伸缩施用管和作物监测模块", "作物监测包括叶色、株高、冠层密度和长势均匀度", "当前状态为申请等待审查，不能视为已完成样机", "R9仍保留该条为P-CONCEPT：虽然已有5位发明人、Marwadi University申请人与完整专利系统描述，但截至本轮未找到实机照片、独立田间试验地点或量化田间结果", "因此不人为补满九项证据，等待后续样机/论文/视频出现后再升级" ], "not": "仅有专利申请，不应写成已完成无人农场或无人收割机样机。", "source": "https://www.quickcompany.in/patents/202621023882-9b1e", "image": "", "tech": [ "autonomous farming", "computer control", "AI/ML", "patent concept" ], "autonomy_level": "P-CONCEPT" }, { "id": "CASE-ZA-001", "country": "南非", "name": "小农甘蔗无人机喷施与数字成熟度管理", "class": "COMMERCIAL_PRECISION_AUTOMATION", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2024–2026", "facts": [ "南非甘蔗小农已开展喷施无人机与智能手机成熟度/收获调度结合", "2025论文记录16个参与式无人机催熟试验和48次田间活动，覆盖11个小农地点", "KwaZulu-Natal案例显示无人机喷施可减少拖拉机压实和雨后延误", "无人机在南非农业已进入商业化应用，而地面田间机器人仍主要处于过渡/试验阶段", "SASRI还开展遥感自动生成甘蔗地块shape file等数字化工作", "2025研究作者包括P.D.R. van Heerden、T.D. Ramusandiwa、B. Chonco、W.L. Shelembe等SASRI/推广人员", "共开展16个参与式无人机催熟示范试验、48次田间活动，覆盖11个小农地点" ], "not": "这是成熟的无人机/精准农业自动化，并非无人甘蔗收割机；但它构成未来无人甘蔗农场的感知与作业基础。", "source": "https://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?lng=en&nrm=iso&pid=S0301-603X2025000400008&script=sci_abstract&tlng=en", "image": "", "tech": [ "spraying drones", "ripening management", "smartphone DSS", "remote sensing", "smallholder precision agriculture" ], "autonomy_level": "U3(无人机)" }, { "id": "CASE-AU-003", "country": "澳大利亚", "name": "甘蔗缺株自主补种机器人项目", "class": "RESEARCH_AUTONOMY", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2023–2027", "facts": [ "Sugar Research Australia资助项目开发地面自主补种设备", "利用处方图引导自主装置在现有甘蔗行内局部补种", "计划在商业田块评估收益、盈利性和对蔗株健康的影响", "由University of Southern Queensland承担研发", "代表甘蔗田自主地面作业从导航走向实际农艺执行", "SRA项目号2023/101，项目联系人Dr Muyiwa Olayemi，研究机构University of Southern Queensland", "首席研究员Bruen Smith与Troy Jensen，项目结束日期2027-03-19", "目标是开发处方图驱动的自主地面设备，在现有蔗行中局部补种缺株，并在商业田块评估产量、利润和蔗丛健康" ], "not": "不是收割机，但属于真正面向甘蔗田作业的自主地面机械，是无人农场体系的重要组成。", "source": "https://sugarresearch.com.au/research/development-of-an-automated-system-to-perform-localised-in-crop-replanting-of-sugarcane-gaps/", "image": "", "tech": [ "autonomous ground device", "prescription map", "in-crop replanting", "commercial field evaluation" ], "autonomy_level": "U3" }, { "id": "CASE-BR-006", "country": "巴西", "name": "TIBA 智能生物能源农业履带机器人", "class": "RESEARCH_PROTOTYPE", "grade": "B", "year": "2018–2020", "facts": [ "TIBA是面向甘蔗田多任务作业的低成本半自主履带机器人", "设计目标包括进入高密度甘蔗植被隧道", "搭载多种传感器用于难进入区域地图构建和样本采集", "论文公开机械、电气和软件架构并报告初步田间试验", "论文作者：Marco F. S. Xaud、Antonio C. Leite、Evelyn S. Barbosa、Henrique D. Faria、Gabriel S. M. Loureiro、Pål J. From", "TIBA面向甘蔗高密度植被隧道，采用低成本、半自主、防尘防水履带底盘", "论文给出机械设计、嵌入式电子、软件架构和首台原型，并报告初步田间试验验证概念可行" ], "not": "不是收割机，但提供了甘蔗高密度植被环境中自主机器人底盘、密封和导航的直接研发经验。", "source": "https://ojs.sba.org.br/index.php/cba/article/view/519", "image": "", "tech": [ "tracked robot", "semi-autonomous", "dust/waterproof", "mapping", "sugarcane tunnel navigation" ], "autonomy_level": "U2/U3" }, { "id": "CASE-CN-004", "country": "中国", "name": "无人甘蔗集中运输车导航控制专利", "class": "PATENT_CONCEPT", "grade": "D", "year": "2026", "facts": [ "面向田间甘蔗集中运输车辆无人导航与控制", "系统包含数据采集处理、导航控制、底层硬件驱动和人机通信模块", "采用扩展卡尔曼滤波与自适应PID", "目标是适应窄地块和复杂地形，提高定位与运输安全", "申请人为桂林理工大学南宁分校，申请号CN202511842348.X，2026-03-10公开", "已公开发明人至少包括刘高鹏、黄胜，专利页面还列有8名其他发明人", "传感器包括姿态、霍尔、速度等；导航采用扩展卡尔曼滤波融合多传感器状态估计", "采用自适应PID进行路径跟踪；ESP8266-01S通过MQTT连接ONENET云平台进行远程监控", "底盘采用无刷直流电机，电源由6×12 V铅酸电池串联形成72 V系统", "公开发明人明确包括刘高鹏、黄胜，另有8名共同发明人", "研发机构：桂林理工大学南宁分校", "当前公开证据仍属于专利系统方案，没有找到实机田间量化验证，因此保留P-CONCEPT/无人运输专利概念等级" ], "not": "属于无人运输关键专利，不是收割机，但与无人收割机组成完整田间协同链。", "source": "https://eureka.patsnap.com/patent/CN121635026A", "image": "", "tech": [ "EKF", "adaptive PID", "unmanned transport", "narrow plots", "complex terrain" ], "autonomy_level": "P-CONCEPT" }, { "id": "CASE-CN-005", "country": "中国", "name": "丘陵甘蔗收割机主动调平底盘", "class": "RESEARCH_AUTOMATION", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2026", "facts": [ "研究开发主动液压调平与液压互联悬架组合底盘", "横向稳态调平误差约0.10°，纵向约0.13°", "不平地面田间条件下车身倾角保持在±2°内", "研究验证丘陵收割机自动调平可显著改善安全与地形适应", "论文发表于Smart Agricultural Technology 13 (2026), article 101706", "复合模式采用主动调平+液压互联悬架（HIS），横向与纵向稳态误差分别0.10°和0.13°", "不平田间条件下车身倾角保持在±2°以内，验证丘陵收割机自动调平的可行性", "研究论文属于Smart Agricultural Technology，面向丘陵甘蔗收割机的主动液压调平与液压互联悬架组合", "该成果更适合作为无人丘陵收割机底盘基础技术，而非整机无人等级证据", "论文作者：Guang Liu、Tao Wu、Qingting Liu、Jigui Pang、Jinyou Zhang、Wei Pan、Xiaoping Zou", "Qingting Liu与Xiaoping Zou等作者关联华南农业大学；研究团队属于中国甘蔗收获机械智能控制研究体系", "论文为开放获取Smart Agricultural Technology 2026年第13卷101706", "田间不平地实测维持车身倾角在±2°内，复合调平模式横/纵稳态误差0.10°/0.13°" ], "not": "这是无人丘陵收割机的关键底盘子系统，而不是整机无人验证。", "source": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772375525009372", "image": "", "tech": [ "active leveling", "hydraulic interconnected suspension", "hilly terrain", "rollover safety", "field test" ], "autonomy_level": "U1/U2" }, { "id": "CASE-TH-003", "country": "泰国", "name": "Terra 甘蔗田自主精准除草机器人", "class": "FIELD_AUTONOMY", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2023", "facts": [ "由泰国NSTDA/MTEC与Mitr Phol Group合作开发", "四轮独立驱动、四轮独立转向；轴距/轮距尺度约110 cm/90 cm", "空载质量约310 kg，后部50 L除草剂药箱", "1.90 m喷杆，19个喷头", "最高田间速度约2 km/h，可连续作业超过4小时", "ROS/Linux控制，支持遥控与自主两种模式", "RTK GNSS + gyro + encoder融合定位", "田间最大路径偏差0.092 m", "前部3台相机进行绿色植株检测并控制定点喷施", "现阶段视觉算法尚不能可靠区分甘蔗与杂草，团队计划引入CNN" ], "not": "这是真实甘蔗田自主地面机器人，但作业环节是除草/精准喷施，不是无人收割机。", "source": "https://www.nstda.or.th/nac/2023/exhibitions/ex25/", "image": "https://www.nstda.or.th/nac/2023/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/ex-faeature-image_ex25.webp", "tech": [ "RTK GNSS", "ROS", "4WS/4WD", "310 kg", "50 L tank", "19 nozzles", "1.90 m boom", "0.092 m path error", "3 cameras" ], "autonomy_level": "U3/U4" }, { "id": "CASE-BR-007", "country": "巴西", "name": "Solinftec SOLIX × Tereos 甘蔗自主机器人", "class": "COMMERCIAL_FIELD_AUTONOMY", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2023–2026", "facts": [ "Solinftec官方将SOLIX定义为面向大规模农业生产的100%自主、太阳能机器人", "具备自主昼夜巡田、作物监测与精准点喷功能", "2023年12月官方时间线记录SOLIX进入Tereos甘蔗田", "可进行早期杂草控制和目标喷施", "官方平台宣称在部分应用中可显著降低除草剂用量", "机器人与Tereos数字化甘蔗管理体系结合" ], "not": "SOLIX已经属于甘蔗田商业自主机器人，但其任务是巡田和精准喷施，不是收割。", "source": "https://www.solinftec.com/pt-br/solinftec-anuncia-os-primeiros-resultados-obtidos-com-o-seu-robo-solix-em-lavouras-e-canaviais-brasileiros/", "image": "https://tereos.com/app/uploads/sites/7/2023/12/tereos-press-trip-118-2-scaled.jpg", "tech": [ "100% autonomous", "solar powered", "target spraying", "scouting", "AI", "sugarcane deployment" ], "autonomy_level": "U4" }, { "id": "CASE-FJ-002", "country": "斐济", "name": "FSC 半履带坡地收割改装与丘陵专用机路线", "class": "HILLY_AUTOMATION_FOUNDATION", "grade": "A", "year": "2023–2026", "facts": [ "FSC 2024年报明确记录半履带收割机附件已引入，用于现有收割机坡地作业", "2023季机械收割663,127 t，占总收获量42.4%，收割机112台", "87%的未收割蔗与起伏/丘陵地形有关", "政府2025年继续推进丘陵专用收割机", "2025年9月已进口日本丘陵机械收割机", "2025年11月斐济代表团在留尼汪考察挖掘机搭载收获附件并计划本地试验", "研发/实施机构链：Fiji Sugar Corporation (FSC)、Ministry of Sugar Industry、Sugar Research Institute of Fiji (SRIF)、Cane Growers Council", "FSC 2024年报明确记录已引入semi-track harvester attachment，使现有收割机能够在坡地作业，并计划测试后扩大应用", "2024年3月斐济议会记录：FSC正在取得steel tracks，把现有机械收割机转换成semi-track机器以缓解起伏地作业问题", "2025年9月，日本Kumiki Co., Ltd供应的Matsumoto丘陵甘蔗收割机在Tavua正式启动试验，日本专家同时培训当地操作员和维修人员", "试验地点还涉及Drumasi、Malele、Dovata等坡地需求区；另一台私人投资机被批准用于Ba的upper Nabou区域", "2022年政府还支持Kissun Logistics Ltd改装拖拉机式丘陵收割机；该机已在2021收获季于Ba试验，可在丘陵和泥泞地作业", "该Ba改装机配2.5 t carriage bin，2022季预期收割约6000 t、惠及40户农民", "2025年Tavua日本丘陵机试验将持续到压榨季结束，之后形成正式报告决定后续推广" ], "not": "当前是坡地适应和机械化改造路线；尚不能称为无人丘陵收割机，但非常适合作为未来自动调平/遥控/无人化底盘的实证基础。", "source": "https://www.parliament.gov.fj/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/Fiji-Sugar-Corporation-Annual-Report-2024.pdf", "image": "", "tech": [ "semi-track", "hilly terrain", "excavator attachment", "field adaptation", "mechanical harvesting" ], "autonomy_level": "U1" }, { "id": "CASE-US-003", "country": "美国", "name": "John Deere 雷达切割高度 + 半/全自主甘蔗收割专利", "class": "AUTOMATION_FOUNDATION", "grade": "D/A", "year": "2022–2025", "facts": [ "专利US20240016093A1，后授权为US12477986B2", "发明人John A. Dighton；申请人/权利人Deere & Company", "系统利用雷达测量地面/作物相对关系并控制切割高度", "GPS系统可提供位置、地速、变速器状态和刀片高度信息", "专利明确描述GPS可沿预定路径引导收割机，并在部分实施例中使机器成为全自主或半自主车辆", "该方案把根切高度控制与导航/车辆控制连接，是自主收割关键子系统" ], "not": "专利证明John Deere自主收割技术架构，但不能单独证明该实施例已商业化无人收割。", "source": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US20240016093A1/en", "image": "", "tech": [ "radar", "basecutter height", "GPS guidance", "semi-autonomous", "fully autonomous patent" ], "autonomy_level": "U1" }, { "id": "CASE-CN-006", "country": "中国", "name": "CN117322237A 全自动甘蔗收割机", "class": "PATENT_CONCEPT", "grade": "D", "year": "2023–2024", "facts": [ "申请人为山东通达机械科技有限公司", "发明人：孟龙、王相夫、王强、王妍", "公开日2024-01-02", "整机由收割、输送、收集三部分安装于移动机架组成", "前端包括切割刀结构和收拢结构", "后部采用切割收集与渐进式收集结构", "专利名称明确为“全自动甘蔗收割机”" ], "not": "目前是专利级整机方案，尚未找到可靠田间无人连续作业证据。", "source": "https://patents.google.com/patent/CN117322237A/en", "image": "", "tech": [ "full-automatic patent", "cutting", "gathering", "conveying", "collecting" ], "autonomy_level": "P-CONCEPT" }, { "id": "CASE-US-004", "country": "美国/巴西", "name": "AGCO 内置蔗段储仓自主甘蔗收割机专利", "class": "PATENT_CONCEPT", "grade": "D", "year": "2020–2026", "facts": [ "专利US12677742B2，2026-07-14授权", "发明人Marcelo Carpenedo；权利人AGCO do Brasil Soluções Agrícolas Ltda", "结构包括移动底盘、喂入切割、切段、内置蔗段储仓、卸料和除杂系统", "专利说明驾驶台可选，机器也可配置传感器和控制器实现无直接操作员的自主运行", "该设计把内部缓存储料与自主作业结合，可降低与转运车持续并行同步的依赖" ], "not": "属于自主运行结构专利，尚不能视为AGCO已销售完全无人甘蔗收割机。", "source": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US12677742B2/en", "image": "", "tech": [ "internal billet reservoir", "autonomous operation", "AGCO Brazil", "buffer storage" ], "autonomy_level": "P-CONCEPT" }, { "id": "CASE-US-005", "country": "美国", "name": "USDA-ARS 路易斯安那甘蔗无人机监测项目", "class": "RESEARCH_AUTONOMY", "grade": "A", "year": "2018–2023", "facts": [ "USDA Agricultural Research Service Sugarcane Research Unit，Houma, Louisiana", "项目号6052-21000-017-003-N", "目标比较RGB、多光谱、超光谱传感器以及固定翼/旋翼sUAS", "研究植被指数、冠层高度与甘蔗产量/生物量密度之间关系", "研究最佳空间与时间分辨率，并与传统田间采样比较", "构成无人甘蔗农场的遥感感知与产量预测层" ], "not": "这是无人机监测系统，不是地面无人收割机。", "source": "https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/project?accnNo=418694", "image": "", "tech": [ "sUAS", "RGB", "multispectral", "hyperspectral", "yield prediction", "Louisiana" ], "autonomy_level": "U3" }, { "id": "CASE-GT-001", "country": "危地马拉", "name": "Ingenio Magdalena 智能机械化甘蔗收获", "class": "AUTOMATION_ONLY", "grade": "B", "year": "2023", "facts": [ "2023年Zamorano论文研究Ingenio Magdalena机械化甘蔗收获技术", "作者Luis F. Cordon C.；导师Rommel Reconco与Luis Sandoval", "研究技术包括Piloto automático、Smart Cruise、Auto Tracker、Auto Turn与Telemetry", "研究通过访问Grupo TECUN了解机器能力，并实地比较使用技术与未使用技术的收获作业前线", "研究目标是评估技术和操作员培训对收获效率与生产率的影响" ], "not": "属于智能/自动化收割技术组合，并非完全无人收割。", "source": "https://bdigital.zamorano.edu/items/cb205fa3-3225-425c-b6ea-dea34baf029f", "image": "", "tech": [ "autopilot", "Smart Cruise", "Auto Tracker", "Auto Turn", "telemetry" ], "autonomy_level": "U1/U2" }, { "id": "CASE-EG-001", "country": "埃及", "name": "双行半自动整杆收割机 + 深度学习优化", "class": "RESEARCH_AUTOMATION", "grade": "A", "year": "2025", "facts": [ "Scientific Reports 2025开放论文", "主要机构包括Aswan University、Alexandria University、South China Agricultural University、Al-Azhar University等", "为埃及小/中型地块开发双行半自动整杆甘蔗收割机SWSH", "最优工况：前进速度4.5 km/h、行距88.75 cm、切割高度4 cm、两把切刀", "最低作业成本4.42 USD/ha", "最大田间作业能力0.554 ha/h", "合适行距下切割效率最高可达100%", "采用FNN/DNN预测切割效率、吞吐能力、油耗和作业成本" ], "not": "这是高水平半自动+AI优化收割机，不是自主导航无人收割。", "source": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-30739-2", "image": "", "tech": [ "double-row", "whole-stalk", "deep learning", "DNN", "4.5 km/h", "0.554 ha/h" ], "autonomy_level": "U1/U2" }, { "id": "CASE-RE-001", "country": "留尼汪/多国", "name": "CIRAD MASH 甘蔗收获半实时卫星监测", "class": "DIGITAL_AUTOMATION", "grade": "A", "year": "2020s–2026", "facts": [ "CIRAD开发MASH (Mapping Sugarcane Harvest)", "利用Copernicus免费光学与SAR雷达卫星数据", "重访周期可小于6天", "自动把每个像元分类为收获状态并按地块、供应中心或糖厂生成指标", "用于优化糖厂供应物流和甘蔗成熟品质管理", "系统基于开源软件和Linux服务器", "CIRAD标注开发成熟度TRL8，并已展示留尼汪、泰国、南非、印度尼西亚等应用" ], "not": "MASH是收获监测和调度数字自动化，不是地面无人机械。", "source": "https://www.cirad.fr/en/work-with-us/cirad-innov-solutions/products-and-services/mash", "image": "", "tech": [ "SAR", "optical satellite", "harvest mapping", "TRL8", "logistics" ], "autonomy_level": "U1(digital)" }, { "id": "CASE-MU-002", "country": "毛里求斯", "name": "MCIA/MSIRI 甘蔗无人机精准农业体系", "class": "COMMERCIAL_PRECISION_AUTOMATION", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2019–2026", "facts": [ "MCIA/MSIRI自1990年代起开展GIS、遥感和GPS guidance甘蔗精准农业", "2019年购入首台多光谱相机无人机和喷药无人机，并建立MCIA Drone Unit", "无人机用于自动影像采集、蔗田健康监测、长势/产量评估和排水优化", "已探索定点除草剂喷施、催熟剂喷施和纳米叶面肥喷施", "使用Agisoft、Pix4D Fields、e-Cognition、ArcGIS和AutoCAD Civil 3D等软件", "形成甘蔗田无人航空作业+数字决策体系" ], "not": "属于成熟的无人机精准甘蔗生产体系，不是无人收割机。", "source": "https://edbmauritius.org/newsletter2024/september/drone.html", "image": "", "tech": [ "drone", "multispectral", "precision spraying", "GIS", "remote sensing" ], "autonomy_level": "U3(无人机)" }, { "id": "CASE-CU-001", "country": "古巴", "name": "机械化甘蔗收获运输车辆自动决策系统", "class": "DIGITAL_AUTOMATION", "grade": "B", "year": "2022", "facts": [ "古巴农业大学/UNAH CEMA团队开发机械化甘蔗收获运输车辆自动决策系统", "作者包括Héctor R. de las Cuevas-Milán、Idaris Gómez-Ravelo、Yanara Rodríguez-López、Pedro Paneque-Rondón、Mario Ignacio Herrera-Prat", "系统根据运输距离、田间生产率和20 t/60 t运输工具容量确定所需车辆数量", "基于2016年SMCTCA软件分析模型并采用线性拟合", "目标是减少收获—运输链中的车辆不足或闲置，提高机械收获系统协同效率" ], "not": "这是收获物流自动决策软件，不是无人运输车。", "source": "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/361282027_Automated_System_to_Determine_Means_of_Transport_in_Mechanized_Sugarcane_Harvesting", "image": "", "tech": [ "harvest logistics", "transport sizing", "decision support", "20t/60t" ], "autonomy_level": "U1(digital)" }, { "id": "CASE-US-BR-001", "country": "美国/巴西", "name": "甘蔗自主除草感知技术成熟度研究", "class": "RESEARCH_AUTOMATION", "grade": "A", "year": "2026", "facts": [ "npj Artificial Intelligence 2026开放论文", "作者来自São Paulo State University、MIT和USDA-ARS Sugarcane Research Unit", "数据采集地点：USDA-ARS Ardoyne Research Farm, Schriever, Louisiana", "数据集包含2139张高分辨率RGB图像：869张纯甘蔗、855张纯杂草、415张混合场景", "检测子集从混合场景中筛选285张进行边界框标注", "RTMDet检测达到44.2 AP50", "Swin Transformer分类结合自监督预训练达到99%准确率", "研究明确面向未来green-on-green定点喷施与自主除草装备" ], "not": "属于无人除草的感知/AI基础，还没有证明完整自主除草机器已经解决复杂甘蔗田场景。", "source": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s44387-026-00096-0", "image": "", "tech": [ "weed detection", "RTMDet", "Swin Transformer", "AP50 44.2", "99% classification", "USDA field dataset" ], "autonomy_level": "U1/U2" }, { "id": "CASE-US-AU-001", "country": "美国/澳大利亚", "name": "John Deere 甘蔗叶残余物捕获系统专利", "class": "AUTOMATION_FOUNDATION", "grade": "D", "year": "2024–2025", "facts": [ "美国公开US20250318472A1；澳大利亚同族AU2025201638A1", "权利人Deere & Company", "发明人包括Felipe Nascimento、Jae-Jae Young、Dusk S. Mixon、Surfraj Fattepur、Mahadev Subhash Pansare、Rushikesh Dakhore、Leonardo A. Rosa", "系统围绕蔗段、抽风器和叶料捕获/处理设计", "代表甘蔗收割机除杂、叶料收集和副产物管理的自动化研发路线" ], "not": "属于收割机功能专利，不代表无人驾驶。", "source": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US20250318472A1/en", "image": "", "tech": [ "residue capture", "extractor", "leaf material", "Deere", "billets" ], "autonomy_level": "U1" }, { "id": "CASE-US-CN-001", "country": "美国/中国", "name": "整杆/切段双模式组合甘蔗收割机专利", "class": "MECHANIZATION_FOUNDATION", "grade": "D", "year": "2021–2026", "facts": [ "美国专利US12616096B2，2026-05-05授权", "发明人Yecai Chen", "优先权始于2021-01-15", "设计目标是同一平台支持整杆和切段两种收获模式", "专利属于A01D45/10甘蔗收获机械分类", "对未来小型无人平台模块化整杆/切段可切换路线具有参考价值" ], "not": "这是机械结构专利，不应因“组合”或“自动”字样归为无人收割机。", "source": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US12616096B2/zh", "image": "", "tech": [ "whole-stalk", "billet mode", "combined harvester", "modular architecture" ], "autonomy_level": "U0" }, { "id": "CASE-MX-001", "country": "墨西哥", "name": "CUValles 甘蔗精准农业六旋翼无人机", "class": "RESEARCH_AUTONOMY", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2025", "facts": [ "Universidad de Guadalajara CUValles团队开发用于甘蔗、玉米和龙舌兰精准农业的六旋翼UAV", "机体主要采用铝和碳纤维，最大起飞质量约35 kg", "最大可携带约17 L药液", "使用离心喷头，并结合多光谱相机数据进行定点施用", "2025年获ANUIES高等教育原型奖", "研发团队包括Jesse Yoe Rumbo Morales、Gerardo Ortiz Torres、Felipe de Jesús Sorcia Vázquez、Alan Francisco Pérez Vidal、José Jaime Gascón Ávalos、Manuel Alonso Zurita Gil" ], "not": "这是甘蔗精准农业无人机，不是无人收割机。", "source": "https://www.udg.mx/en/node/84284", "image": "", "tech": [ "hexarotor", "35 kg", "17 L", "multispectral", "centrifugal spraying" ], "autonomy_level": "U3" }, { "id": "CASE-MX-002", "country": "墨西哥", "name": "Tabasco 甘蔗卫星+气象AI生物量预测", "class": "DIGITAL_AUTOMATION", "grade": "A", "year": "2026", "facts": [ "研究在墨西哥东南部湿热带商业甘蔗田开展", "融合Sentinel-2多时相光谱与气象数据", "比较Random Forest、SVM和多元线性回归", "Random Forest融合模型最高R²约0.95", "茎生物量RMSE最低约5296.35，rRMSE约18%", "研究为墨西哥田块尺度甘蔗数字监测与智能管理提供基础" ], "not": "属于数字感知和预测，不是无人地面机械。", "source": "https://www.mdpi.com/2624-7402/8/6/222", "image": "", "tech": [ "Sentinel-2", "Random Forest", "weather fusion", "R2 0.95", "biomass prediction" ], "autonomy_level": "U1(digital)" }, { "id": "CASE-ID-001", "country": "印度尼西亚", "name": "LIPI/BRIN 甘蔗切段收割机嵌入式实时监测系统", "class": "AUTOMATION_FOUNDATION", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2020", "facts": [ "印度尼西亚LIPI团队为甘蔗切段联合收割机设计嵌入式维护和性能监测系统", "作者Estiko Rijanto、Erik Adiwiguna、Aryo Putro Sadono、Muhammad Hafil Nugraha、Oka Mahendra、Rendra Dwi Firmansyah", "现代切段收割机被视为由拖拉机、作业装置、ECU和多套电液控制组成的机电一体化系统", "系统目标是实时监控维护状态和生产性能", "已完成监测系统原型并部分实现设计功能" ], "not": "属于智能监测基础，不是自主驾驶。", "source": "https://mev.brin.go.id/mev/article/view/509", "image": "", "tech": [ "embedded monitoring", "ECU", "electro-hydraulic", "real-time", "maintenance" ], "autonomy_level": "U1" }, { "id": "CASE-PK-001", "country": "巴基斯坦", "name": "NUST 甘蔗AI变量喷施无人机", "class": "RESEARCH_AUTONOMY", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2025", "facts": [ "NUST School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering研发智能无人机喷施系统", "PI为Dr. Zaib Ali，Co-PI包括Dr. Waqar Shahid Qureshi、Dr. Jawad Khan", "在甘蔗和水稻田开展实地喷施试验", "使用U-Net与DeepLabv3处理多光谱影像识别病虫/受害区域", "Raspberry Pi进行机载处理，GPS+PID+PWM实时调节泵速", "最佳飞行高度约2–3 m、速度4–6 m/s", "变量喷施可节省约30–50%药剂，优化参数下漂移最多降低约40%" ], "not": "属于自主/智能喷施无人机，不是无人收割机。", "source": "https://researchblog.nust.edu.pk/design-and-development-of-smart-spraying-system-for-agricultural-drones/", "image": "", "tech": [ "UAV spraying", "U-Net", "DeepLabv3", "Raspberry Pi", "GPS PID PWM", "30-50% chemical saving" ], "autonomy_level": "U3" }, { "id": "CASE-PK-002", "country": "巴基斯坦", "name": "PRSS-1 甘蔗品种高分辨率AI识别", "class": "DIGITAL_AUTOMATION", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2026", "facts": [ "巴基斯坦Riphah International University、Sugarcane Research Institute Faisalabad等机构参与", "使用Pakistan Remote Sensing Satellite-1高分辨率影像", "建立经过田间真值验证的CPF-253和SL-284甘蔗品种数据集", "研究采用深度学习和空间上下文感知框架进行品种分类", "目标服务精准农业、产量评价、供应链管理和育种权保护" ], "not": "属于卫星遥感与AI识别，不是无人机械。", "source": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2026.1981795/abstract", "image": "", "tech": [ "PRSS-1", "deep learning", "field-validated", "variety mapping", "precision agriculture" ], "autonomy_level": "U1(digital)" }, { "id": "CASE-CO-001", "country": "哥伦比亚", "name": "Cenicaña 机械化收获地块设计与效率优化", "class": "MECHANIZATION_FOUNDATION", "grade": "A", "year": "2025", "facts": [ "作者Luís Eduardo Gonzalez-Buritica（Cenicaña）与Edwin Erazo-Mesa（Universidad del Valle）", "哥伦比亚甘蔗机械收获在过去20年增长约77%", "研究针对Valle del Cauca开发机械化收获地块设计指南", "目标是减少地块不适配导致的机械收获效率下降和农艺物流问题", "形成面向机械化/未来自动化的地块几何与交通体系基础" ], "not": "属于机械化与自动化前置基础，不是无人收割。", "source": "https://issctcennial.com/docs/a-guide-to-efficient-field-designs-to-maximize-sugarcane-crop-productivity/", "image": "", "tech": [ "field design", "mechanized harvest", "controlled traffic", "Valle del Cauca" ], "autonomy_level": "U0" }, { "id": "CASE-CO-002", "country": "哥伦比亚", "name": "Cenicaña CATE II 机械化收获与切段质量研究", "class": "RESEARCH_AUTOMATION", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2026", "facts": [ "Cenicaña/CINCA在GMEC 2026国际研讨会公开CATE II机械化收获宏项目结果", "Samuel Andrés Galeano Patiño负责技术合作与技术转移", "研究员Alejandro Estrada Bedón报告甘蔗切段质量与蔗糖损失、作业效率关系", "体现哥伦比亚对机械收获过程参数与质量闭环优化的持续研究" ], "not": "属于机械收获过程优化研究，不是完整无人化。", "source": "https://www.publicnow.com/view/111FB2230F574B65FC800072EC9C67BD4CCE42CB", "image": "", "tech": [ "CATE II", "chop quality", "sucrose loss", "operational efficiency" ], "autonomy_level": "U1/U2" }, { "id": "CASE-CU-002", "country": "古巴", "name": "Case IH A8000 收割机车队监测与自动报告", "class": "DIGITAL_AUTOMATION", "grade": "B", "year": "2021–2022", "facts": [ "古巴Villa Clara糖厂Case IH A8000甘蔗收割机采用车队控制系统", "外部定位接收器记录行驶距离并结合燃油数据", "数据上传MovilWeb平台自动形成运行报告", "研究对比机器自带传感与外部fleet-control燃油测量，发现约30 L量级差异", "还生成发动机负载地图用于验证和运营分析" ], "not": "属于车队数字监测和自动报告，不是无人驾驶。", "source": "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/365317113_Intervention_in_Case_IH_A8000_Sugarcane_Harvesters_of_Sugar_Mill_in_Villa_Clara_Cuba", "image": "", "tech": [ "Case IH A8000", "fleet control", "MovilWeb", "fuel monitoring", "engine load mapping" ], "autonomy_level": "U1(digital)" }, { "id": "CASE-AU-004", "country": "澳大利亚/古巴/巴西", "name": "TechAgro 收割机自动根切与产量监测 Queensland 试验", "class": "RESEARCH_AUTOMATION", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2006–2007", "facts": [ "2006收获季古巴研究工程师在澳大利亚Queensland三地测试TechAgro自动化和精准农业设备", "试验地区：Herbert、Burdekin、Mackay", "安装于CAMECO 2500和3510收割机", "测试自动根切控制、产量监测和harvester benchmark软件", "自动根切系统在湿绿蔗、烧蔗、重黏土和轻砂土等多种条件下运行", "产量监测数据用于产量制图和地块变异管理" ], "not": "属于自动根切与精准收获研究，不是完全无人。", "source": "https://outlook.eurekamag.com/research/013/394/013394115.php", "image": "", "tech": [ "automatic basecutter", "yield monitor", "CAMECO 2500", "CAMECO 3510", "Queensland" ], "autonomy_level": "U1/U2" }, { "id": "CASE-CN-007", "country": "中国", "name": "甘蔗收割机除杂器自动控制 VUFMA-PID", "class": "RESEARCH_AUTOMATION", "grade": "A", "year": "2026", "facts": [ "Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 2026论文", "作者Baocheng Zhou、Shaochun Ma、Wenzhi Li、Jinzhi Ma、Yansu Xie、Sha Yang", "开发根据喂入量动态匹配除杂器转速的自动控制系统", "提出VUFMA-PID控制方法", "稳态响应时间较常规PID和模糊PID分别快0.32 s和0.26 s", "自动模式平均功耗较人工和恒速分别降低17.44%和30.40%", "平均含杂率4.00%，分别下降23.58%和10.71%", "平均甘蔗损失1.89%，分别下降25.01%和28.52%" ], "not": "属于收割机除杂闭环自动控制，是无人收割机执行层基础，不等于无人驾驶。", "source": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168169926000207", "image": "", "tech": [ "extractor control", "VUFMA-PID", "4.00% impurity", "1.89% cane loss", "17.44% power reduction" ], "autonomy_level": "U1/U2" }, { "id": "CASE-TH-004", "country": "泰国", "name": "扫描激光甘蔗行低成本驾驶辅助系统", "class": "AUTOMATION_FOUNDATION", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2022", "facts": [ "作者Pawin Thanpattranon、Sirisak Chertkiattipol、Watcharapol Chayaprasert、Wanrat Abdullakasim、Prathuang Usaborisut", "使用扫描激光测距仪检测蔗沟/蔗行", "第二组试验让拖拉机沿甘蔗行直线行驶，模拟收获作业", "蔗沟检测最大误差约15.80–41.40 cm", "RMS误差约4.55–20.86 cm", "研究认为进一步改进后可用于实际驾驶辅助" ], "not": "属于低成本驾驶辅助，不是自主导航。", "source": "https://li01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/anres/article/view/257255", "image": "", "tech": [ "scanning laser", "row detection", "driver assistance", "RMSE 4.55-20.86 cm" ], "autonomy_level": "U1" }, { "id": "CASE-PA-001", "country": "巴拿马", "name": "La Estrella 糖厂地块级精准农业", "class": "COMMERCIAL_PRECISION_AUTOMATION", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2025", "facts": [ "研究地点为巴拿马La Estrella Sugar Mill约150 ha、3个试验区", "使用表观电导率土壤图、NDVI、无人机飞行和土壤剖面描述", "根据空间差异调整灌溉、施肥、补种和生物刺激剂", "植蔗产量稳定；第一宿根增产约10%；第二宿根再增约10%", "在不增加生产成本情况下改善地块生产力" ], "not": "属于地块级精准农业与数字决策，不是无人收割机。", "source": "https://issctcennial.com/docs/site-specific-precision-agriculture-to-improve-production-in-sugarcane/", "image": "", "tech": [ "ECa", "NDVI", "drone", "site-specific management", "150 ha", "10% ratoon gain" ], "autonomy_level": "U3(无人机)" }, { "id": "CASE-AU-005", "country": "澳大利亚", "name": "AutoWeed 甘蔗AI机器人精准点喷", "class": "FIELD_AUTONOMY", "grade": "A", "year": "2020–2026", "facts": [ "James Cook University、AutoWeed Pty Ltd、Sugar Research Australia联合项目", "使用AI、计算机视觉和机器人进行甘蔗田杂草实时识别与精准点喷", "在Queensland Burdekin真实甘蔗田完成6组、合计25 ha田间试验", "平均除草效果约为传统全面喷施的97%", "平均除草剂用量减少35%，低杂草压力试验条带最高减少约65%", "灌溉径流中除草剂平均浓度下降39%，平均负荷下降54%", "项目负责人/核心研究人员包括Prof. Mostafa Rahimi Azghadi及JCU团队" ], "not": "这是已在真实甘蔗田验证的机器人精准喷施系统，不是甘蔗收割机。", "source": "https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/89739/", "image": "https://www.jcu.edu.au/news/releases/2020/september/weed-robot-sets-sights-on-cane-farms/AutoWeed-prototype-in-crop.jpeg", "tech": [ "AI vision", "robotic spot spraying", "25 ha", "97% efficacy", "35% herbicide reduction", "Burdekin" ], "autonomy_level": "U3" }, { "id": "CASE-RE-002", "country": "留尼汪", "name": "CEEMAT/CIRAD 整杆甘蔗收割原型与坡地机械化链", "class": "MECHANIZATION_FOUNDATION", "grade": "A/B", "year": "1979–1992", "facts": [ "CEEMAT留尼汪站自1979年起开发适合本地石多、坡地、小农结构的甘蔗机械链", "1990年公开研究指出整杆收割机原型在理想条件和临界条件下试验具有前景", "配套研究包括精细除石、机械种植、白蛴螬防治机具、松土施肥等", "大型沿海平原农场机械收割已高度普及，中型农场是后续重点", "核心研究人员包括Bertrand Siegmund、J.M. Chastel等" ], "not": "这是留尼汪历史机械化与整杆原型路线，不是无人收割。", "source": "https://publications.cirad.fr/une_notice.php?dk=402944", "image": "", "tech": [ "whole-stalk prototype", "slope", "stone removal", "CEEMAT", "Reunion" ], "autonomy_level": "U0" }, { "id": "CASE-RE-003", "country": "留尼汪", "name": "湿热甘蔗区机械收获交通性与自动决策模型", "class": "DIGITAL_AUTOMATION", "grade": "A/B", "year": "1998", "facts": [ "CIRAD Sylvain Perret研究湿热甘蔗区机械作业交通性、土壤压实和收获计划", "通过改进Proctor试验确定土壤含水量临界阈值", "建立表层土壤水分气候演变模型", "模型可根据近期气候数据判断某时点作业风险", "也可用于情景模拟和年度可通行日频率规划", "属于机械收获从经验调度向数据决策过渡的重要节点" ], "not": "这是机械收获作业决策支持，不是无人车辆控制。", "source": "https://publications.cirad.fr/une_notice.php?dk=390341", "image": "", "tech": [ "trafficability", "soil moisture", "decision support", "harvest planning", "compaction" ], "autonomy_level": "U1(digital)" }, { "id": "CASE-US-006", "country": "美国", "name": "Deere 图像反馈自动切梢高度控制", "class": "AUTOMATION_FOUNDATION", "grade": "D/A", "year": "2024–2026", "facts": [ "美国专利US12751370B2，2026-10-06授权", "发明人John A. Dighton、Mark S. Louviere；权利人Deere & Company", "图像传感器拍摄切梢后甘蔗横截面", "控制器判断切口相对于soft joint的位置", "根据图像结果自动驱动topper actuator升降切梢器", "形成视觉反馈闭环切梢控制" ], "not": "是无人收割机关键执行层专利，不代表整机无人驾驶已经商业化。", "source": "https://patentsgazette.uspto.gov/week40/OG/html/1551-1/US12751370-20261006.html", "image": "", "tech": [ "image sensor", "topper", "soft joint", "closed loop", "Deere" ], "autonomy_level": "U1" }, { "id": "CASE-US-007", "country": "美国", "name": "Deere 扭矩反馈根切高度闭环控制", "class": "AUTOMATION_FOUNDATION", "grade": "D/A", "year": "2023–2026", "facts": [ "美国专利US12667045B2", "发明人Bryan E. Dugas、Peter A. Johnson；权利人Deere & Company", "根切刀轴与输送轴采用独立动力源", "通过液压压力/扭矩传感估计切割刀当前扭矩", "算法根据目标切割扭矩推算切割高度", "控制割刀高度使实际根切高度向目标高度收敛" ], "not": "属于根切执行层智能控制，不等于完全无人收割。", "source": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US12667045B2/en", "image": "", "tech": [ "torque sensor", "hydraulic pressure", "basecutter", "height control", "Deere" ], "autonomy_level": "U1" }, { "id": "CASE-US-008", "country": "美国/澳大利亚", "name": "Deere 收割机机器数据产糖量预测与地图", "class": "DIGITAL_AUTOMATION", "grade": "D/A", "year": "2023–2026", "facts": [ "US12588597B2于2026-03-31授权，澳大利亚有同族申请AU2024227104A1", "发明人Jason C. Buss；权利人Deere & Company", "利用甘蔗收割机机器数据进行糖产量预测和空间制图", "把收割时间、作业状态、除杂器等机器数据与空间位置结合", "属于从产量监测向机器数据驱动产糖量预测升级" ], "not": "属于数字收获和数据决策技术，不是无人驾驶。", "source": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US12588597", "image": "", "tech": [ "machine data", "sugar prediction", "mapping", "Deere", "digital harvest" ], "autonomy_level": "U1(digital)" }, { "id": "CASE-US-009", "country": "美国", "name": "Case 甘蔗收割机产量监测与空间产量图", "class": "AUTOMATION_FOUNDATION", "grade": "D/A", "year": "1998–2001", "facts": [ "US6272819B1，原始申请人为Case LLC", "发明人Keith W. Wendte、Andrey Skotnikov、Kurian K. Thomas", "系统用偏转板/传感器测量甘蔗蔗段流量", "集成定位系统生成地块级甘蔗产量地图", "还能利用根切器压力信号识别无甘蔗区域", "是甘蔗精准收获电子监测的重要早期专利" ], "not": "历史精准农业基础，不属于无人驾驶。", "source": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US6272819B1/en", "image": "", "tech": [ "yield monitor", "deflection plate", "positioning", "yield map", "Case" ], "autonomy_level": "U1" }, { "id": "CASE-US-010", "country": "美国", "name": "Trimble 在线糖分测量与甘蔗糖分地图", "class": "DIGITAL_AUTOMATION", "grade": "D/A", "year": "2013–2015", "facts": [ "US8955402B2，原始权利人Trimble Navigation Limited", "发明人James G. Quaderer、Michael F. Cash、Morrison Ulman", "从收割机蔗段流中选取样本", "利用光学折射等方式测量糖分", "用GNSS记录对应采收位置并生成糖分空间地图", "把‘吨数地图’推进到‘糖分/品质地图’" ], "not": "属于收获质量数字化，不是无人机械。", "source": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US8955402B2/en", "image": "", "tech": [ "GNSS", "sugar content", "optical refractometer", "quality map", "Trimble" ], "autonomy_level": "U1(digital)" }, { "id": "CASE-US-011", "country": "美国", "name": "Iowa State–Deere–CMU 3D产量测量与根切高度控制", "class": "RESEARCH_AUTOMATION", "grade": "D/A", "year": "2013–2019", "facts": [ "US10371561B2，合作单位Iowa State University Research Foundation、Deere & Company、Carnegie Mellon University", "发明人Matthew J. Darr、Daniel Joseph Corbett、Herman Herman、Carlos Vallespi-Gonzalez、Bryan E. Dugas、Hernan Badino", "使用3D传感器感知收割机升运器区域", "建立3D地图并估算升运器上物料体积", "同时服务产量测量与根切器高度控制研究", "体现机器人感知技术开始进入甘蔗收割机" ], "not": "属于感知/产量/根切联合自动化研究，不是整机无人。", "source": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US10371561B2", "image": "", "tech": [ "3D sensor", "elevator volume", "yield measurement", "basecutter height", "CMU" ], "autonomy_level": "U1/U2" }, { "id": "CASE-CN-008", "country": "中国", "name": "广西大学 LiDAR割台高度自适应试验台", "class": "RESEARCH_AUTOMATION", "grade": "D/A", "year": "2024–2026", "facts": [ "CN118476386A/B，申请人为广西大学，2026-07-21授权", "发明人李岩舟、石美琦、陈忠富、唐永治、潘荥春、梁旭升、吴利国", "系统包含门架、切割机构、甘蔗输送机构、激光雷达、控制系统和液压系统", "LiDAR扫描模拟蔗田地形起伏", "控制系统自动调节割台高度与倾角", "试验台可在室内重复模拟不同地形，降低直接田间试验成本" ], "not": "属于割台自动仿形试验平台，不是完整无人收割机。", "source": "https://patents.google.com/patent/CN118476386A/en", "image": "", "tech": [ "LiDAR", "header height", "tilt control", "test bench", "Guangxi University" ], "autonomy_level": "U1/U2" }, { "id": "CASE-CN-009", "country": "中国", "name": "华南农大 LiDAR刀盘入土切深实时控制方法", "class": "RESEARCH_AUTOMATION", "grade": "D/A", "year": "2024–2025", "facts": [ "CN117981578B，2025-12-16授权", "申请人为华南农业大学", "发明人刘庆庭、张心盎、武涛、邹小平、徐凤英、张增学、罗菊川、潘伟进、王志琛", "LiDAR扫描刀盘入土时飞溅土壤信号", "根据弱信号点比例建立切割深度对照模型", "控制系统实时调整刀盘至理想切深", "研究指出南方丘陵地适宜切深通常约2–5 cm" ], "not": "属于自动根切深度控制方法，不是无人驾驶。", "source": "https://patents.google.com/patent/CN117981578B/zh", "image": "", "tech": [ "LiDAR", "2-5 cm", "soil splash", "weak signal ratio", "SCAU" ], "autonomy_level": "U1/U2" }, { "id": "CASE-CN-010", "country": "中国", "name": "小型履带甘蔗收割机多传感融合+视觉辅助导航", "class": "RESEARCH_AUTOMATION", "grade": "D/A", "year": "2019–2024", "facts": [ "CN112056087B，发明人王卓、杨亮、白晓平、胡河春、奚文龙、赵泳嘉", "系统服务小型切段式履带甘蔗收割机", "包含仿形轮/角度传感器、单目视觉、M18超声测高、雷达测距、激光扫描和视觉辅助导航", "图像计算平台采用Jetson TX2，车载控制器采用Hirschmann IMCT3654", "多源信息融合控制割台升降", "机器视觉从已收获/未收获区域分界线提取辅助航线", "专利明确指出当前为辅助驾驶，但为后续北斗/自动驾驶无人化积累数据" ], "not": "是非常接近自动导航的智能小型收割机技术，但专利本身仍定位辅助驾驶。", "source": "https://patents.google.com/patent/CN112056087B/zh", "image": "", "tech": [ "Jetson TX2", "ultrasonic", "radar", "vision navigation", "crawler", "multi-sensor fusion" ], "autonomy_level": "U1/U2" }, { "id": "CASE-ZA-002", "country": "南非", "name": "SASRI 自动蔗田边界识别 + 无人机催熟数字体系", "class": "DIGITAL_AUTOMATION", "grade": "A", "year": "2020s–2026", "facts": [ "SASRI Systems Design and Optimisation项目把遥感扩展到自动获取精确蔗田shape files和甘蔗土地利用识别", "面向小农建立土壤属性数据库与区域数据库", "使用无人机在小而分散的蔗地喷施催熟剂", "与PurEst等质量管理/收获调度工具构成数字甘蔗管理体系", "说明南非甘蔗无人化先从航空作业、地块数字化和决策层成熟" ], "not": "属于数字农业/无人机层，不是地面无人收割机。", "source": "https://sasri.org.za/systems-design-and-optimisation/", "image": "", "tech": [ "automated shapefile", "remote sensing", "drone ripening", "small growers", "SASRI" ], "autonomy_level": "U1(digital)" }, { "id": "CASE-CO-003", "country": "哥伦比亚", "name": "Cenicaña 自动驾驶收获与精准农业推广体系", "class": "COMMERCIAL_PRECISION_AUTOMATION", "grade": "A", "year": "2020+", "facts": [ "Cenicaña 2020年报对11家糖业企业精准农业采用情况进行调查", "7家糖厂已有专门精准农业区域", "应用包括自导引开沟、GNSS-RTK地形测量、无人机监测/航空施用/缺株识别", "行业增加了产量图使用和收获自动驾驶（harvesting using autopilot）", "这表明哥伦比亚自动驾驶收获已进入产业采用阶段，而不是单纯科研概念" ], "not": "报告证明自动驾驶/精准农业采用，但没有证明完全无人收割。", "source": "https://www.cenicana.org/pdf_privado/informe_anual/ia_2020/ia_2020_ingles.pdf", "image": "", "tech": [ "autopilot harvest", "GNSS-RTK", "drones", "yield maps", "Cenicaña" ], "autonomy_level": "U1/U2" }, { "id": "CASE-VN-001", "country": "越南", "name": "Song Lam AC60B 190 hp甘蔗机械化+无人机监测体系", "class": "MECHANIZATION_FOUNDATION", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2020–2021", "facts": [ "Song Lam Sugarcane Joint Stock Company在Nghệ An省Anh Son县Dinh Son举行种植/收获机械演示", "AC60B输送式甘蔗收割机功率190 hp", "现场报道收获能力约8–10 t/h", "公司同步展示耕作、除草、种植、收割和运输机具", "同时投入无人机用于农药喷洒和蔗田监测", "研发/应用负责人包括公司董事长兼总经理Dang Manh Hung" ], "not": "属于越南机械化+无人机数字监测基础，不是无人收割机。", "source": "https://baonghean.vn/en/cong-ty-cp-mia-duong-song-lam-trinh-dien-may-khung-trong-va-thu-hoach-mia-10219935.html", "image": "https://bna.1cdn.vn/thumbs/1200x630/2020/11/19/uploaded-hoangvinhbna-2020_11_20-_bna__23125411_20112020.jpg", "tech": [ "AC60B", "190 hp", "8-10 t/h", "drone monitoring", "Vietnam" ], "autonomy_level": "U0" }, { "id": "CASE-US-012", "country": "美国", "name": "CNH/Case IH 压力反馈自动切梢控制", "class": "AUTOMATION_FOUNDATION", "grade": "D", "year": "2021–2024", "facts": [ "US20240000015A1公开自动切梢控制系统", "面向包括甘蔗收割机在内的农业收获机", "控制器监测切梢驱动源压力等参数", "根据驱动负载自动控制执行器升降切梢盘", "目标减少切梢过高导致叶料增加或切梢过低导致有效蔗茎损失" ], "not": "属于切梢闭环控制技术，不是整机自主导航。", "source": "https://patents.justia.com/patent/20240000015", "image": "", "tech": [ "topper", "pressure feedback", "automatic height", "CNH", "closed loop" ], "autonomy_level": "U1" }, { "id": "CASE-BR-008", "country": "巴西", "name": "AGCO 根切器自动高度校准", "class": "AUTOMATION_FOUNDATION", "grade": "D/A", "year": "2020–2026", "facts": [ "US12582045B2，2026-03-24授权", "发明人Roque Eduardo Dapper、Renan Kadiama、Gregório Kaminski", "权利人AGCO do Brasil Soluções Agrícolas Ltda", "系统自动调节根切器高度以避免不必要的刀盘与地面接触", "服务甘蔗切割、切段、升运卸料完整收获链", "属于根切自动控制技术谱系的重要巴西节点" ], "not": "根切高度自动校准不等于无人收割，但属于无人执行层关键技术。", "source": "https://patents.google.com/patent/US12582045", "image": "", "tech": [ "AGCO Brazil", "basecutter", "automatic calibration", "ground contact" ], "autonomy_level": "U1" }, { "id": "CASE-BR-009", "country": "巴西/多国", "name": "AGCO 甘蔗收割机自动高度控制全球专利族", "class": "AUTOMATION_FOUNDATION", "grade": "D/A", "year": "2020–2026", "facts": [ "AGCO do Brasil同一技术族覆盖巴西、美国、澳大利亚、欧洲和PCT", "核心专利包括US12582044B2、BR112022023111A2、AU2021302878A1等", "发明人Gregório Kaminski、Roque Eduardo Dapper、Renan Kadiama", "技术围绕传感器、根切高度调整与自动高度控制", "体现巴西甘蔗收割机自动根切技术向全球知识产权布局扩展" ], "not": "属于全球专利族技术扩散，不是单独一台无人整机。", "source": "https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2022003466A1/en", "image": "", "tech": [ "AGCO", "automatic height", "global patent family", "Brazil", "basecutter" ], "autonomy_level": "U1" }, { "id": "CASE-CN-011", "country": "中国", "name": "广西 LC Landboss 遥控甘蔗收割机实机", "class": "REMOTE_CONTROLLED", "grade": "B", "year": "2023", "facts": [ "广西糖料蔗机械化报道中出现LC Landboss遥控甘蔗收割机实机", "现场操作员手持遥控器在蔗田外控制机器作业", "真实田间照片显示机器在成熟甘蔗行中进行收获", "属于‘驾驶员离机’的遥控作业路线，而不是自主导航", "适合作为中国无人驾驶室收割机从遥控向自主过渡的实机证据" ], "not": "有真实实机与遥控田间证据，但没有证据证明机器具备自主路径规划、自动掉头或无人连续作业。", "source": "https://www.hisugar.com/home/articleContent?id=2023122108561493352595", "image": "https://www.hisugar.com/image/20231221/1703120034633072848.png", "tech": [ "remote control", "driver-out-of-cab", "real field machine", "Guangxi" ], "autonomy_level": "U2" }, { "id": "CASE-EG-002", "country": "埃及", "name": "2002 Al-Azhar 6 hp 手推甘蔗切割样机（失败路线）", "class": "FAILED_PROTOTYPE", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2002", "facts": [ "研究生Sayed B. M. Refai，Al-Azhar University硕士项目", "机器为人工手推式，6 hp小型发动机", "功能为根切+导向/偏转", "试验地点Al-Oksor", "直立蔗条件下损失约3%、田间效率约65%、损伤约2%", "由于需要人工推动和人工扶蔗，劳动节省几乎为零", "崎岖地表滚动阻力导致操作员很快疲劳" ], "not": "属于明确失败样机，应作为‘为什么小型收割机不能只解决切割而忽略夹持、输送和自走’的反例。", "source": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-30739-2", "image": "", "tech": [ "6 hp", "walking-push", "failed prototype", "labor save null", "Al-Azhar" ], "autonomy_level": "U0" }, { "id": "CASE-EG-003", "country": "埃及", "name": "2011 Al-Azhar 后悬挂单行收割样机（失败路线）", "class": "FAILED_PROTOTYPE", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2011", "facts": [ "研究生Mahmoud H. Ali，Al-Azhar University博士项目", "拖拉机后悬挂，PTO驱动", "根切+星轮导蔗结构", "试验地点Shandaweel Research Station", "直立蔗条件损失约4%、田间效率约70%、损伤约3%", "劳动节省约20%，但经济节省不足", "主要失败点：切高控制差、倒伏蔗性能差、星轮不能稳定把甘蔗导向机后" ], "not": "属于失败样机，是‘切后无可靠控制/输送链’导致整机失败的重要历史案例。", "source": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-30739-2", "image": "", "tech": [ "tractor PTO", "rear mounted", "star wheel", "failed lodged-cane handling" ], "autonomy_level": "U0" }, { "id": "CASE-EG-004", "country": "埃及", "name": "2014 14 hp 小型甘蔗收割样机（未成功推广）", "class": "FAILED_PROTOTYPE", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2014", "facts": [ "埃及大学研究项目2014年样机属于2002–2014连续三代本地研发路线", "动力提高到约14 hp", "机动性较前代改善", "田间能力属于约0.0294–0.05 ha/h级的小型方案", "仍存在倒伏蔗、人工依赖、可靠性和经济性问题", "最终未达到足够劳动节省和成本优势，未形成广泛应用" ], "not": "应作为失败/未产业化样机保留，不能因‘第三代改进’误写成成功商业机。", "source": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-30739-2", "image": "", "tech": [ "14 hp", "small farm", "failed commercialization", "Egypt prototype" ], "autonomy_level": "U0" }, { "id": "CASE-CN-012", "country": "中国", "name": "洛阳辰汉早期整秆路线失败与七代样机转向切段式", "class": "FAILED_TO_SUCCESS_TRANSITION", "grade": "A", "year": "2007–2015", "facts": [ "企业早期试图研制适合直立甘蔗的收获方案，但在广西倒伏蔗条件下效果差", "设计被明确判定失败并放弃", "企业重新开始，转向切段式整机架构", "采用高离地摆动前桥、静液压后驱和大容量后置集蔗仓", "历经约8年、7代样机", "2015年首台切段式产品通过鉴定并进入国家农机补贴目录" ], "not": "这是非常重要的‘失败—推倒重来—产业化’案例，应保留失败路线而不是只记录最终产品。", "source": "https://english.henan.gov.cn/2026/09-18/3425461.html", "image": "", "tech": [ "7 generations", "8 years", "lodged cane failure", "chopped-cane pivot", "Chenhan" ], "autonomy_level": "U0/U1" }, { "id": "CASE-CN-013", "country": "中国", "name": "恒丰整秆履带甘蔗收割机 2011 原始视频档案", "class": "FIELD_PROTOTYPE", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2011", "facts": [ "GAKI保存2011-11-16原始田间录像", "红色履带整秆收割机进入蔗行连续作业", "前部双立式扶蔗/导蔗装置清晰可见", "视频记录现场调整、观察以及整秆在田间的放置结果", "主视频时长01:55，连续作业视频02:03", "具体型号、功率和制造企业仍待进一步核验" ], "not": "有强田间视频证据，但身份参数未完全核实，应保持‘现场样机/验证机’状态。", "source": "https://www.gaki.world/en/hengfeng-whole-stalk-sugarcane-harvester-2011.html", "image": "", "tech": [ "historical video", "tracked", "whole-stalk", "2011 field demo", "GAKI archive" ], "autonomy_level": "U0/U1" }, { "id": "CASE-CN-014", "country": "中国", "name": "宏顺整秆甘蔗收割机 2011 原始视频档案", "class": "FIELD_PROTOTYPE", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2011", "facts": [ "GAKI保存2011-12-02原始田间录像", "橙色整秆收割机在蔗田进行实机演示", "可看到前部扶蔗、驾驶室和输送结构", "主田间视频05:12", "另有收获后整秆检查视频00:12", "制造历史、确切型号和技术参数仍待进一步核验" ], "not": "属于有原始视频的现场验证机，不应因缺型号就删除，也不能提升为成熟商品机。", "source": "https://www.gaki.world/en/hongshun-whole-stalk-sugarcane-harvester-2011.html", "image": "", "tech": [ "historical video", "whole-stalk", "field validation", "2011", "GAKI archive" ], "autonomy_level": "U0/U1" }, { "id": "CASE-TH-005", "country": "泰国", "name": "2026 整秆甘蔗收割原型 FEM逆向优化", "class": "RESEARCH_PROTOTYPE", "grade": "A", "year": "2026", "facts": [ "King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok等机构团队", "作者Khanthamat Choodoungkaittikul、Jamon Wasuratmanee、Supachok Klubsati、Siriporn Sukkul、Songwit Srijunruk", "通过逆向工程、三维设计和有限元分析优化整秆收割原型", "研究目标是在实际制造前识别结构薄弱点并改进", "属于从经验制造向数字样机/结构仿真转变的典型样本" ], "not": "FEM优化证明研发成熟度提高，但不等于无人化，也不代表已完成长期田间验证。", "source": "https://ph03.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/JEIT/article/view/4607", "image": "", "tech": [ "whole-stalk", "FEM", "reverse engineering", "prototype", "KMUTNB" ], "autonomy_level": "U0/U1" }, { "id": "CASE-FJ-003", "country": "斐济", "name": "Lovu 本地挖掘机改装丘陵甘蔗收割机", "class": "HILLY_FIELD_PROTOTYPE", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2025", "facts": [ "斐济Lovu Sector真实坡地农场现场演示", "由挖掘机改装，安装专用抓蔗器与切割机构", "机器已经完成首批甘蔗并送达糖厂", "Permanent Secretary Dr Vinesh Kumar到现场查看", "目标是解决传统大型收割机无法进入的丘陵/复杂地块", "属于斐济本地低成本丘陵机械化的真实实机路线" ], "not": "目前为有人操作挖掘机改装，不属于无人机，但对未来遥控/无人丘陵平台非常有价值。", "source": "https://www.fbcnews.com.fj/news/locally-built-harvester-delivers-big-for-farmers/", "image": "", "tech": [ "excavator base", "grabber", "cutter", "hilly terrain", "local prototype" ], "autonomy_level": "U0/U1" }, { "id": "CASE-JP-002", "country": "日本", "name": "冲绳小型甘蔗收割机 GPS+车载相机作业分析（性能不足案例）", "class": "LIMITED_PERFORMANCE_FIELD_TEST", "grade": "A", "year": "2019", "facts": [ "在冲绳岛南部使用GPS和车载相机分析小型收割机作业", "测试机相较主流73.5 kW小型机，有效与计算田间能力均低约30%", "倒伏甘蔗难以切入和喂入，造成作业停止", "土地改良区有效田间效率0.42，区外仅0.28", "论文明确指出测试机性能低于现行主流小型机", "属于非常有价值的‘真实田间性能不足’档案" ], "not": "不是失败到完全不可用，而是清楚揭示了倒伏蔗和地块条件对小型机效率的限制。", "source": "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsfwr/54/2/54_85/_article/-char/en", "image": "", "tech": [ "GPS", "onboard camera", "lodged cane", "field efficiency 0.42/0.28", "Okinawa" ], "autonomy_level": "U0/U1" }, { "id": "CASE-BR-010", "country": "巴西", "name": "CTBE/UNICAMP 控制交通甘蔗全周期机械平台", "class": "RESEARCH_PROTOTYPE", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2011", "facts": [ "National Laboratory of Bioethanol Science and Technology (CTBE)与UNICAMP路线", "负责人包括Oscar Braunbeck教授", "平台概念为controlled traffic structure", "目标是一台跨垄大跨度平台承担甘蔗种植、管理和收获等全周期作业", "重点减少土壤压实", "设计目标包括进入传统收割机无法进入的陡坡地形", "属于不同于传统单机收割机的高价值替代架构" ], "not": "属于研发概念/试验平台，不应写成已大规模商业化机器。", "source": "https://revistapesquisa.fapesp.br/en/maquina-versatil-2/", "image": "", "tech": [ "controlled traffic", "steep land", "CTBE", "UNICAMP", "multi-operation platform" ], "autonomy_level": "U0/U1" }, { "id": "CASE-PH-002", "country": "菲律宾", "name": "PHilMech 中型甘蔗收割原型：2016工作台实机照片", "class": "FIELD_PROTOTYPE", "grade": "A", "year": "2015–2017", "facts": [ "PHilMech官方2016年报保留原型机工作台/车间照片Figure 35", "项目负责人N.T. Asuncion、R.C. Nodora Jr.、R.B. Villacorte", "设计能力目标5 TC/h", "目标是比现有方案成本降低20%", "2016完成动力总成、液压、发动机、底盘、差速器等大部件安装", "完成base cutter、crop divider、roller conveyor等主要部件调试", "2017继续招标制造实验原型机械总成" ], "not": "是真实原型机且有官方照片，但未找到无人控制，因此归现场原型而非无人收割。", "source": "https://www.philmech.gov.ph/resources/annual-report/PhilMech%20Annual%20Report%202016.pdf", "image": "", "tech": [ "5 TC/h target", "prototype photo", "hydraulic", "basecutter", "PHilMech" ], "autonomy_level": "U0/U1" }, { "id": "CASE-BR-011", "country": "巴西", "name": "8×4 重型甘蔗运输车模块化自主驾驶平台", "class": "RESEARCH_AUTONOMY", "grade": "A", "year": "2025", "facts": [ "IEEE Access 2025开放论文，面向甘蔗收获运输工况", "作者Nouriandres Liborio Silva、André Mendes、Fabrizio Leonardi、Cirilo de Paula Silva、Edson Caoru Kitani、Leopoldo Rideki Yoshioka、Renato Camargo Giacomini", "采用最小侵入drive-by-wire改装油门、制动、转向", "GNSS定位", "ROS2模块化架构", "轻量化LiDAR+camera融合感知", "在试验场使用气球车、假人和交通锥模拟田间障碍", "直线场景横向RMSE低于0.5 m要求" ], "not": "这是为甘蔗收获物流开发并实测的无人重卡平台，尚需更多真实甘蔗田长期运营证据。", "source": "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/395392337_Design_and_Experimental_Validation_of_Modular_Autonomous_Driving_Platform_for_Off-Road_8_4_Trucks_in_Agricultural_Operation", "image": "", "tech": [ "8x4 truck", "drive-by-wire", "GNSS", "ROS2", "LiDAR-camera", "RMSE <0.5m" ], "autonomy_level": "U3" }, { "id": "CASE-CN-015", "country": "中国", "name": "4GQ-1C 丘陵履带切段收割机真实田间验证", "class": "HILLY_FIELD_VALIDATION", "grade": "A", "year": "2020–2022", "facts": [ "广西农业机械研究院有限公司研制", "作者杨子增、曾伯胜、陆愈天、黄伟凤等", "履带自走切段机可完成切梢、扶蔗、根切、输送、切段、除杂、集蔗", "总损失率2.38%", "宿根破头率8.3%", "含杂率6.2%", "纯工作小时生产率0.12 hm²/h", "燃油消耗率150 kg/hm²", "后续项目集成卫星导航、远程作业监控、运行状态监测和故障预警" ], "not": "属于丘陵真实田间验证+智能监控基础，未达到完全无人驾驶。", "source": "https://www.aeeisp.com/xdnyzb/en/article/id/2b551b46-61eb-4c4d-99d3-a0a037ef7d1f", "image": "", "tech": [ "tracked", "hilly", "2.38% loss", "6.2% impurity", "satellite navigation", "remote monitoring" ], "autonomy_level": "U1/U2" }, { "id": "CASE-CN-016", "country": "中国", "name": "广西大学丘陵甘蔗机多传感在线自标定系统", "class": "AUTONOMY_FOUNDATION", "grade": "D/A", "year": "2026", "facts": [ "广西大学专利/技术方案", "发明人潘明璋、林科成、盖景尧、潘荥春、管伟、梁科、苏铁成、梁璐、杨启业、赵文豪", "针对丘陵无人甘蔗收割长期运行中传感器姿态变化和参数漂移", "融合几何、路径与作业状态一致性构建多维误差模型", "依据路径执行偏差在线判断并更新传感器内外参", "形成在线闭环迭代与安全控制", "目标是提高丘陵自主作业长时间传感融合精度稳定性" ], "not": "这是非常关键的长期无人运行基础技术，但仍是专利/算法系统，不是独立整机。", "source": "https://k-knowledge.kr/srch/read.jsp?id=290967203", "image": "", "tech": [ "multi-sensor calibration", "hill autonomy", "parameter drift", "closed loop", "Guangxi University" ], "autonomy_level": "U1/U2" }, { "id": "CASE-AU-006", "country": "澳大利亚", "name": "Toft/Austoft 1942–1944 原始机械收割机历史照片与影片", "class": "HISTORICAL_PROTOTYPE", "grade": "A", "year": "1942–1944", "facts": [ "Joe Toft在Bundaberg于1942年前后设计制造早期机械甘蔗收割机", "CNH官方2019年75周年资料保留原始历史照片、档案影片和员工访谈", "Toft兄弟的机器在二战劳动力短缺背景下发展", "早期机器每天约9吨级作业记录在行业史料中", "Toft Bros后来发展为Austoft，并于1996年被Case IH收购", "历史影像可作为无人/自动化技术演进的机械化起点" ], "not": "不是无人设备，但是真实历史照片和影片证据，对建立140年技术演化链非常重要。", "source": "https://media.cnh.com/emea/cnh/behind-the-wheel--simply-the-best---75-years-of-mechanized-sugar-cane-harvesting/s/ef02d89a-8cbc-4905-bbb3-58a7138a99ca", "image": "https://i.imgur.com/FGppipB.jpg", "tech": [ "historical photo", "archive film", "Toft", "Austoft", "1940s" ], "autonomy_level": "U0" }, { "id": "CASE-VN-002", "country": "越南", "name": "Phí Anh Đệ 农民自制甘蔗收获机", "class": "FARMER_INVENTOR_PROTOTYPE", "grade": "B", "year": "2010s", "facts": [ "发明者Phí Anh Đệ，越南Phú Yên省", "当地农户实际使用其自制农业机械", "其甘蔗收获机可在较粗糙地形工作", "报道认为使用其机器可比进口机器节省约500万–1000万越盾/ha的成本", "相关照片保留绿色自制收割机和高位输送结构", "属于民间低成本收割机械创新，具有强实机史料价值" ], "not": "不是无人机器，但属于真实民间发明样机，必须与正规厂家机型分开归档。", "source": "https://vietnamnews.vn/society/393088/phu-yen-inventor-makes-farmers-lives-much-easier.html", "image": "https://tainangviet.vn/source/image/KHCN/Anh-nong-dan-che-tao-ra-may-thu-hoach-mia-bang-70-cong-lao-dong1.jpg", "tech": [ "farmer inventor", "low cost", "rough terrain", "Vietnam", "real machine photo" ], "autonomy_level": "U0" }, { "id": "CASE-TH-006", "country": "泰国", "name": "拖拉机挂接式鲜蔗整秆收割原型（禁烧路线）", "class": "FIELD_PROTOTYPE", "grade": "B", "year": "2020", "facts": [ "泰国科研团队开发拖拉机挂接式鲜蔗收割装置", "目标是不烧蔗直接收获，减少PM2.5污染", "真实田间照片显示装置包含切割、输送/收集结构", "利用拖拉机作为动力和底盘，降低自走式整机成本", "适合小农和中小地块机械化" ], "not": "不是无人机，但属于低成本鲜蔗收获原型，对小型无人化后续模块化具有参考价值。", "source": "https://mgronline.com/science/detail/9630000011967", "image": "https://mpics.mgronline.com/pics/Images/563000001233901.JPEG", "tech": [ "tractor mounted", "green cane", "PM2.5", "prototype", "Thailand" ], "autonomy_level": "U0/U1" }, { "id": "CASE-MU-003", "country": "毛里求斯", "name": "MCAF/MCIA 第二台高能力甘蔗收割机小农服务项目", "class": "COMMERCIAL_MECHANIZATION", "grade": "A", "year": "2022–2024", "facts": [ "MCAF与MCIA于2022-03-23签署第二阶段机械收获合作", "第二台更高能力收割机用于双行种植和高产田", "项目服务小型甘蔗种植户，缓解劳动力短缺", "2024作物季机械收获约13,400吨，覆盖约728 arpents", "2023约11,756吨、545 arpents", "主要挑战仍是地形、地表石块和狭窄田间道路" ], "not": "不是无人化项目，但有真实运营数据和实机照片，是评价小农机械收获商业可行性的好基线。", "source": "https://mcafcoop.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/MCAF-Annual-report-24_25.pdf", "image": "https://static.africa-press.net/mauritius/sites/61/2022/10/postQueueImg_1-633f0004f25f7.jpg", "tech": [ "13,400 t", "728 arpents", "smallholders", "dual-row", "Mauritius" ], "autonomy_level": "U0" }, { "id": "CASE-TH-007", "country": "泰国", "name": "Samart SM200C “High Climber” 丘陵履带甘蔗收割机", "class": "HILLY_COMMERCIAL_MACHINE", "grade": "B", "year": "2020s", "facts": [ "Samart推出SM200C High Climber坡地甘蔗收割机", "真实客户田间照片显示橡胶履带底盘和双前扶蔗器", "定位用于坡地、较困难地形和受限地块", "属于泰国市场对丘陵高通过性收割机的实机路线", "适合作为未来无人丘陵收割机底盘结构对照样本" ], "not": "属于有人驾驶商业/示范机，不应写成无人，但其底盘与坡地适应能力对无人化很重要。", "source": "https://sugar-asia.com/high-climber-harvester-added-to-samart-range/", "image": "https://ik.imagekit.io/fbithailand/Samart%20Visit%20Customer.jpg", "tech": [ "high climber", "rubber track", "hilly terrain", "SM200C", "Thailand" ], "autonomy_level": "U0/U1" }, { "id": "CASE-BR-012", "country": "巴西", "name": "Jalles Machado Agriculture 4.0 4G+AI高精度自动作业体系", "class": "COMMERCIAL_AUTONOMY", "grade": "A/B", "year": "2024–2026", "facts": [ "Jalles Machado在巴西建立集中式Agriculture 4.0管理体系", "使用4G连接、AI、自动化、UAV、自动驾驶和实时监控", "种植、土壤准备、田间管理和收获均纳入GPS/地图化运营", "外部评估资料明确提到可实现毫米级精度的自主作业", "收获、种植、无人机和控制中心数据形成统一运营闭环", "属于‘无人农场系统’而不是单台无人收割机" ], "not": "证据支持农场级自动化/自主运营，但需要继续区分哪些具体收割环节为完全无人、哪些为自动驾驶辅助。", "source": "https://disclosures.ifc.org/project-detail/ESRS/49275/Jalles%202024", "image": "", "tech": [ "Agriculture 4.0", "4G", "AI", "autopilot", "real-time monitoring", "Brazil" ], "autonomy_level": "U3/U4" }, { "id": "CASE-AU-007", "country": "澳大利亚", "name": "RTK-GPS 收割机—转运车同步协同原型", "class": "COORDINATED_AUTONOMY", "grade": "A", "year": "2010", "facts": [ "研究由A.B. Ruxton与P.J. Grabau公开，面向澳大利亚甘蔗收获", "目标是自动协调harvester与haul-out转运车辆的相对位置", "采用RTK-GPS自动转向和厘米级定位", "车间通信采用ad-hoc Wi-Fi网络", "车载C#界面向操作员提供俯视位置关系", "田间测试显示系统精度足以支持预期同步需求", "后续阶段目标是自动调节收割机前进速度以保持稳定喂入量" ], "not": "已经达到真实田间协同自动化原型层，但仍包含操作员，不等同于完整无人收割车队。", "source": "https://digit-uat.eurekamag.com/research/066/233/066233139.php", "image": "", "tech": [ "RTK-GPS", "haul-out sync", "Wi-Fi", "relative position", "field test" ], "autonomy_level": "U2/U3" }, { "id": "CASE-BR-013", "country": "巴西", "name": "三年收割机—田间转运车协同机动优化试验", "class": "COORDINATED_AUTOMATION", "grade": "A", "year": "2022–2025", "facts": [ "UNESP团队在巴西糖厂农业地块连续3年采集机械化收获数据", "研究harvester与infield wagon并行收获时的协同掉头和机动", "提出Maneuver Simultaneity Index (MSI) 衡量两车协同性", "对平地与坡地多种掉头模式进行比较", "优化P-optimized方案显著减少机动时间", "燃油消耗和运营成本随优化机动模式下降", "研究证明协同调度对提高有效收获时间和减少土壤压实具有直接经济价值" ], "not": "是长期真实协同作业数据，但研究重点是机动优化，不是两车完全无人控制。", "source": "https://repositorio.unesp.br/entities/publication/7550a571-3e1d-4055-a765-4cfc6d7c5090", "image": "", "tech": [ "3-year study", "infield wagon", "MSI", "maneuver optimization", "flat/sloped terrain" ], "autonomy_level": "U1/U2" }, { "id": "CASE-GLOBAL-001", "country": "巴西/全球", "name": "Hexagon AgrOn Haul-Out Dynamic Allocation 商业协同调度", "class": "COMMERCIAL_COORDINATION", "grade": "A", "year": "2020s–2026", "facts": [ "Hexagon AgrOn Haul-Out Dynamic Allocation面向甘蔗糖厂收获物流", "系统实时监测收割机与转运车辆的位置", "根据距离、路径、移动时间和当前收割节奏判断转运车辆何时进入收割面", "目标是在不让收割机等待的情况下保持连续切蔗", "系统明确给出何时让tractor-haulout unit移动到收割机旁", "属于收割机—转运车协同调度商业软件" ], "not": "这是商业数字协同系统，不等于转运车辆本身已经无人驾驶，但它是无人车队调度层的重要基础。", "source": "https://hexagon.com/products/agron-haul-out-dynamic-allocation", "image": "", "tech": [ "commercial coordination", "dynamic allocation", "harvester rhythm", "haul-out dispatch" ], "autonomy_level": "U1(digital)" }, { "id": "CASE-CN-017", "country": "中国", "name": "甘蔗联合收割机云端远程信息平台 1.52小时连续试验", "class": "REMOTE_MONITORING_FOUNDATION", "grade": "A", "year": "2022", "facts": [ "作者马志艳、李江华、章霞东、莫建霖", "机构为湖北工业大学农业机械工程研究设计院、广西农业机械研究院有限公司", "车载端使用PLC、CAN总线和Modbus实时采集作业数据", "采用MQTT上传云平台", "手机App或Web端可实时查看机器工况", "田间试验连续1.52小时", "实际收到5465条实时数据，仅丢失7条", "数据准确率99.88%，丢失率0.12%" ], "not": "不是无人驾驶，但证明远程监控链路具备较高实时性和可靠性，是无人收割远程监管基础。", "source": "https://www.aeeisp.com/zgnjhxb/article/doi/10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2022.11.020", "image": "", "tech": [ "PLC", "CAN", "Modbus", "MQTT", "5465 records", "99.88%" ], "autonomy_level": "U1" }, { "id": "CASE-AU-008", "country": "澳大利亚", "name": "Falkiner 甘蔗收割机 1925 原始17分20秒影片", "class": "HISTORICAL_FILM", "grade": "A", "year": "1925", "facts": [ "National Film and Sound Archive of Australia保存Falkiner Cane Harvester原始影片", "影片约17分20秒", "拍摄地点为Bundaberg, Queensland蔗田", "包含实拍、动画草图和结构说明字幕", "展示地下切割revolving knives、输送、切梢和成束排蔗", "NFSA档案号/来源可核验", "影片由Queensland Cane Growers Organisation相关机构保存" ], "not": "不是无人设备，但这是机械化甘蔗收获极早期、极稀缺的动态影像证据。", "source": "https://aso.gov.au/titles/sponsored-films/an-australian-invention/", "image": "", "tech": [ "1925 film", "17m20s", "Falkiner", "Bundaberg", "historical motion picture" ], "autonomy_level": "U0" }, { "id": "CASE-AFRICA-001", "country": "北非", "name": "1945 北非甘蔗收割机 35mm 黑白档案片", "class": "HISTORICAL_FILM", "grade": "A", "year": "1945", "facts": [ "National Film Board of Canada档案STK-ID 41599", "素材来自UNRRA in Africa / World of Plenty", "地点标记North Africa", "年份1945", "35 mm黑白胶片原始档案", "画面包括甘蔗收割机从镜头前经过和机械联合收获片段", "数字版本可达到1920×1080", "是非洲甘蔗机械收获极早期的真实电影证据" ], "not": "机型与制造商身份仍待核，但档案年代、地点和机械作业画面可核实。", "source": "https://archives.nfb.ca/stockshot/41599/", "image": "", "tech": [ "1945", "North Africa", "35mm film", "historical footage", "NFB" ], "autonomy_level": "U0" }, { "id": "CASE-US-015", "country": "美国", "name": "Allen Ramsey Wurtele 1938 半成功机械收割机原始照片", "class": "SEMI_SUCCESSFUL_PROTOTYPE", "grade": "A", "year": "1938", "facts": [ "地点：Mix, Louisiana", "发明者Allen Ramsey Wurtele", "摄影师Russell Lee", "Library of Congress FSA/OWI原始35mm硝酸盐底片档案", "档案说明明确称该机械收割机为semi-successful", "Wurtele已投入数年研发，仍有改进工作待完成", "原始照片无已知版权限制", "另有Wurtele与参加国际会议的甘蔗专家合影档案" ], "not": "非常有价值的‘半成功原型’证据，不能把它写成成功商品机，也不能因未成功而遗漏。", "source": "https://www.loc.gov/item/2017738589/", "image": "", "tech": [ "semi-successful", "1938", "Louisiana", "public-domain photo", "inventor" ], "autonomy_level": "U0" }, { "id": "CASE-US-016", "country": "美国", "name": "Allis-Chalmers 1944 Louisiana 机械甘蔗切割机照片", "class": "HISTORICAL_MACHINE", "grade": "A", "year": "1944", "facts": [ "拍摄地点Saint Mary Parish, Louisiana", "机械为Allis Chalmers mechanical cane cutter", "照片记录Johnson Plantation Bayou Sale进行机械切蔗", "拍摄时间1944年9月", "摄影师Sol Libsohn", "原始资料来自Standard Oil (New Jersey) Collection / University of Louisville Photographic Archives", "属于二战时期美国机械甘蔗收获真实实机影像" ], "not": "属于历史实机照片，不代表无人化，但可作为机械收获发展史的重要对照节点。", "source": "https://digital.library.louisville.edu/concern/images/ulpa_sonj_15441?locale=en", "image": "", "tech": [ "Allis-Chalmers", "1944", "Louisiana", "historical photo", "mechanical cane cutter" ], "autonomy_level": "U0" }, { "id": "CASE-AU-009", "country": "澳大利亚", "name": "Hurrey→Falkiner 1910–1921 失败与改进原型链", "class": "FAILED_PROTOTYPE", "grade": "A", "year": "1910–1921", "facts": [ "Queensland Agricultural Journal 1932回顾：Hurrey Cane Harvester约1910开始试验", "发明者投入大量时间和资金", "机器后来被Falkiner接手并成为Falkiner Cane Harvester基础", "1921年Sarina (Plane Creek)示范时，机器仍有明显缺陷", "切梢装置需要修改", "guillotine需要加强", "当时声称可切约3 acres/day，改进齿轮后目标4 acres/day", "记录说明该机没有按设计完全正常工作" ], "not": "属于明确的早期失败/半失败原型链，是后来Falkiner成熟路线的重要前身。", "source": "https://era.dpi.qld.gov.au/id/eprint/14754/1/Vol_38NS_Part_1.pdf", "image": "", "tech": [ "Hurrey", "1910", "1921 demo", "failed prototype", "Falkiner predecessor" ], "autonomy_level": "U0" }, { "id": "CASE-US-017", "country": "美国/甘蔗产业", "name": "收割作业区车辆物流模型化管理与自动调度专利", "class": "DIGITAL_COORDINATION", "grade": "D/A", "year": "2015", "facts": [ "美国专利申请US20150324719A1讨论大型收获作业区的车辆管理与控制", "应用场景明确包括甘蔗收割机、billet wagon、trailer truck与糖厂之间的物流", "传统现场经理需要持续掌握车辆位置、状态、糖厂需求和收割机位置", "系统目标是模型化协调转运车辆数量与调度", "减少机器/操作员等待", "应对长时间、高吞吐量连续收获场景", "属于后来自动车队调度的重要知识产权前置路线" ], "not": "是收获物流数字调度专利，并不证明车辆本身无人驾驶。", "source": "https://patents.justia.com/patent/20150324719", "image": "", "tech": [ "worksite management", "billet wagon", "harvester logistics", "model-based dispatch" ], "autonomy_level": "U1(digital)" } ]