识别与危害Identification & damage
红腐病常使蔗茎内部发红，夹有白色横斑。单看发红不能确诊，还要检查病变边界并送检。
Red rot often reddens the stalk interior with white cross-patches. Red colour alone is not proof; inspect lesions and seek diagnosis.
来源与传播Origins & spread
带菌种蔗和田间病残体，是需要追查的病菌来源。把病蔗当种苗搬运，可能把病带到另一块田。
Trace infected planting cane and diseased crop residues. Moving infected seedcane can carry disease into another field.
生活史与微观过程Life cycle & microscopic processes
病部形成的孢子可随水流和飞溅转移。病菌侵入后在组织内生长，外表症状可能滞后。微观小图展示孢子萌发和菌丝侵入的过程。这是机理示意，田间确诊还需病原检测。
Spores from diseased tissue can move with water and splashes. The fungus grows inside tissues before obvious external signs. Spores germinate and fungal hyphae invade plant tissue; confirmation of disease requires diagnostic testing.
田间检查与确认Inspection & confirmation
田里先记录叶片变色、萎蔫和受害蔗丛。再剖看疑似茎，记录内部红变、横斑和腐败。病健交界处取样，分别包装并记录田块和品种。送当地植保实验室鉴定，不凭气味作结论。
Record leaf discolouration, wilting and affected stools. Split suspect stalks; record red tissue, white patches and rot. Sample lesion margins separately; record field and cultivar. Submit samples to a plant clinic; smell alone is not diagnostic.
预防、治理与复查Prevention, management & follow-up
选健康种源和当地抗病品种，做好排水与田间卫生。种苗处理按当地验证方案，不能保证挽救腐烂蔗茎。发现病丛及时处置，病蔗不再留作种苗。重病田评估轮作或更新，后续继续查病。
Use healthy planting stock, locally adapted resistant cultivars and good drainage. Validated sett treatments cannot guarantee rescue of rotten stalks. Deal with infected stools promptly; do not retain them as seedcane. Assess rotation or replanting in severe cases, then keep scouting.