识别与危害Identification & damage
蔗叶背面铺了一层白色绵絮，先翻叶找虫，不要只看叶正面。甘蔗绵蚜常在叶背聚集，密集取食会使叶片黄化、干枯。
If white woolly material covers a leaf, turn it over and look for insects. Sugarcane woolly aphids form colonies underneath leaves; heavy feeding can cause yellowing and drying.
来源与传播Origins & spread
有翅成蚜能扩散到新叶和新田，带虫蔗梢调运也可能带来虫群。种苗和蔗梢进出田块时都要检查，发现带虫材料先停止转运。
Winged adults can colonise new plants; moving infested tops can carry colonies elsewhere. Inspect planting material and tops before movement; hold back material carrying aphids.
生活史与微观过程Life cycle & microscopic processes
在甘蔗上常见的繁殖方式，是无翅雌蚜直接产出活的若蚜。所以这段生活史要看母蚜和若蚜，不能照搬螟虫的卵和蛹。若蚜颜色较淡、蜡质较少，经过四次蜕皮成为成蚜。群落中可见无翅型和有翅型；数量变化要结合天敌一起观察。口针刺吸植物汁液，排出的蜜露为叶面煤污提供了生长条件。白色蜡絮、黏性蜜露和黑色煤污，是三个不同的检查线索。
A common reproductive mode on sugarcane is for wingless females to give birth to live nymphs. This cycle involves live-bearing mothers and nymphs; the egg-and-pupa sequence of a borer does not apply. Young nymphs are paler and less waxy; four moults lead to the adult stage. Colonies may contain wingless and winged forms; track their numbers alongside natural enemies. Aphids suck plant sap and excrete honeydew, which supports sooty mould on leaf surfaces. White wax, sticky honeydew and black sooty mould are three distinct inspection clues.
田间检查与确认Inspection & confirmation
巡查不同位置的蔗丛，翻看多片叶，记录虫群有没有扩大。同时查食蚜天敌；看到蚜群里的幼虫，先辨认它是不是帮手。
Inspect several leaves on clumps across the field and record whether colonies are expanding. Check for aphid predators too; identify larvae within colonies before treating them as pests.
预防、治理与复查Prevention, management & follow-up
避免氮肥过量，使用清洁种苗，并保护田里已经存在的天敌。需要利用食蚜蛾等天敌时，采用当地成熟方案，别自行引种。虫群持续扩大时，再按当地监测意见选择已登记的防治办法。处理后数活虫、查天敌；叶面还留有蜡絮，不等于虫仍然活着。
Avoid excess nitrogen, use clean planting material and conserve natural enemies already present. Where predators such as aphid-eating moth larvae are used, follow an established local programme. If colonies keep expanding, use monitoring advice to choose a locally authorised control option. After treatment, check live aphids and predators; remaining wax alone does not show survival.